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So, you are going to buy both RAM and TC2? Most likely you would have to choose one or the other.

To make SM-2 work optimally, you would need WDS Mk14. Otherwise, it would be like the Australians buying SM-2 and using them as homing-all-the-way missiles - ie. not much better than SM-1 in range.

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First of all, WDS Mk14 allows you to guide SM-2 to twice the range of SM-1. The Canadians finds this worthwhile to have on the TRUMP upgrade even without a 3D radar to support multi-target engagement capability.

The curvature of the earth limits the ability of the SAM to engage seaskimmers beyond the horizon range ~40km. High altitude targets, such as a helo or a maritime patrol plane designating targets for sea skimmers can be engaged. THAT is very useful to have - and was one of the reasons for the Canadian TRUMP upgrade getting SM-2 (shoot the Bears that guide the missiles).

SPS-49A MPU which is being fitted to the PFG-2 has an operating mode that would allow some height-finding capability taking advantage of multi-path transmission.

In addition, the Mk 92 CAS has a height-finding capability. The search radar beam is stepped up 4 beamwidths over 3 scans (rotations) and then back down in half a scan. Target height can be determined using this spiral scan technique. The range performance of this X-band system is not as good as the S-band SPS-48E. However, with the CORT enhancement in Mk 92 mod 6 in service on the PFG-2, the Mk 92 radars are achieving twice the detection and tracking range of the older mod 2 version. That puts the performance into the range envelope of SM-2.

What all this means is that with sufficient computing power to conduct datafusion, the radars on the PFG-2s will be able to keep track of a significant number of air targets in 3D. In other words, SPS-48E is not the only way to get things done. A radar datafusion system would sample from all radars on the ship (2D and 3D data from SPS-49, 3D data from Mk 92 CAS and 2D data from SPS-55) to generate a composite track - with coordinates and height data. With a stream of target tracks in 3D going into the WDS Mk 14, it would be able to direct multiple SM-2 simultaneously against multiple targets. That is, provided it can track the missile downlink. For that, you would need SYR-1.

One way of getting sufficient computing power to provide the datafusion is doing an upgrade to the SYS-2 Integrated Automatic Detection and Tracking (IADT) system. The US Navy Field Change 2 kit using a PowerPC processor to replace the UYK-44 will do the job. The Kidds will have the system installed when the are transferred - getting the same modification to the Cheng Kungs would be very useful. (There are also other COTS processors eg. one by Vitro that can do the job).

Another way is to upgrade to Mk 92 mod 12 like the Australians for their FFG UP program. This involves coverting the system to an open-architecture, databus linked UYQ-70 consoles. The UYQ-70 consoles each have more computing power than the original central system computer. One of the UYQ-70 could run software to do the datafusion.

The electronics and weapons needed to bring a ship up to capabilities to do its job after a few years of service would likely be more expensive than building the original ship. But the electronics are expensive whether you put them on an old hull or on a new one.

Saving money on the hull when you first build the warship is not a smart thing to do. It is penny-wise, pound foolish as illustrated by the Royal Navy Leander class frigates, the Type 42 DDG and the US FFG-7. Naval weapon and electronic systems go out of date almost as fast as your PC. Having a hull with small growth margins meant that the Leanders had to sacrifice its gun for Exocets and the Type 42 never getting Exocets (had to substitute a Gemini for its whale boat just to install Phalanx).

In contrast, Reuven Leopald designed plenty of growth margins into the Spruance hull. While the ship looked under armed when they first commissioned, it grew into a potent land attack platform 60+ TLAM in VLS and the premier ASW platform with a LF bow sonar and a towed array with two ASW helos. The basic hull also had enough margins to fit Aegis (CG-47 class) or NTU (Kidd class DDG).

The Australians found that even with the technical capabilities to build FFG-7s, without the economies of scale of US or ROK shipyards, their unit costs were still much higher than buying from the US.

For the ROC, without any hope of export, the cost situationm is even worse. Building their own hulls is now a significant cost burden rather than the cheapest part of the warship. Weapons and electronics are always going to be expensive and go out of date very quickly.

The logical thing to do would be to get usable hulls as cheaply as possible and invest the money on refurbishing them and mounting the most up-to-date systems. The Wu Chin program is a great example of how this could be done and done well. The FRAM DD were old but had another 15-20 years of useful hull life with refurbishment. They were purchased at very low cost. After modernization, the ships provided useful service for at least another 15 years.

½Ö¬ONorman Freidman¡H

>>Saving money on the hull when you first build the warship is not a smart thing to do. It is penny-wise, pound foolish as illustrated by the Royal Navy Leander class frigates, the Type 42 DDG and the US FFG-7. Naval weapon and electronic systems go out of date almost as fast as your PC. Having a hull with small growth margins meant that the Leanders had to sacrifice its gun for Exocets and the Type 42 never getting Exocets (had to substitute a Gemini for its whale boat just to install Phalanx).

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>>In contrast, Reuven Leopald designed plenty of growth margins into the Spruance hull. While the ship looked under armed when they first commissioned, it grew into a potent land attack platform 60+ TLAM in VLS and the premier ASW platform with a LF bow sonar and a towed array with two ASW helos. The basic hull also had enough margins to fit Aegis (CG-47 class) or NTU (Kidd class DDG).

Spruanceªº½T¬O­Ó¦n¨Ò¤l¡A¤@¶}©l¸Ë³ÆÁ¡®z±oÅý¬ü°êÁֽ׸õ¸}¡A¦ý«á¨ÓÂX¥R´T«×·¥¤j¡A¤£¥i¦P¤é¦Ó»y¡A¦Ó¥BÁÙµo®i¥XKidd»P´£±d¼wù¥[¡C

>>For the ROC, without any hope of export, the cost situationm is even worse. Building their own hulls is now a significant cost burden rather than the cheapest part of the warship. Weapons and electronics are always going to be expensive and go out of date very quickly.

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>>The logical thing to do would be to get usable hulls as cheaply as possible and invest the money on refurbishing them and mounting the most up-to-date systems. The Wu Chin program is a great example of how this could be done and done well. The FRAM DD were old but had another 15-20 years of useful hull life with refurbishment. They were purchased at very low cost. After modernization, the ships provided useful service for at least another 15 years.

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http://news.chinatimes.com/Chinatimes/newslist/newslist-content/0,3546,110503+112003121300050,00.html
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A:¹B¥Î¦h­«¸ô®|¨Ó¸Ñºâ°ª«×,ªº½T¬Oº¡¯«©_ªº,AN/SPS-48E·|¤£·|¨S¶º¦Y°Ú..XDD

In addition, the Mk 92 CAS has a height-finding capability. The search radar beam is stepped up 4 beamwidths over 3 scans (rotations) and then back down in half a scan. Target height can be determined using this spiral scan technique. The range performance of this X-band system is not as good as the S-band SPS-48E. However, with the CORT enhancement in Mk 92 mod 6 in service on the PFG-2, the Mk 92 radars are achieving twice the detection and tracking range of the older mod 2 version. That puts the performance into the range envelope of SM-2.

Who do you think will provide target indication for the Su-30MKK or, more appropriately, the PLANAF JH-7? The Taiwan Strait equivalent of the Bear threat is the Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA) version of the Y-8, itself based on the An-12 - NATO reporting name ... Cub.

To effectively deal with or deter the MPA target, you need the long range of the SM-2.

>Yes Sir. Its cheap and we can replace our ÀÙ¶§¯Å with 8 Spruance class, but they must be >¼öÄ¥¥æ±µ from US Navy. We should also buy 8 more SH60 or SH70 for ¤Ï¼ç purpose and 16 >MK49 (two for each ship) (loaded with RIM 116 Block 1 HAS) for self air defense and anti->¤ÏÄ¥­¸¼u purpose. MK49 system can be guided by SLQ32 system which is the standard >equipment for Spruance.

There are 8 Sprucans equipped with RAM Block 0 and 3 with Block I (one launcher each). They use the SWY-3 Self-Defense Surface Missile System to direct engagements. There is also the SYQ-17 RAIDS tactical decision aid to help support AShM defense engagements. RAIDS brings together info from the radars (including data from the CIWS radars) and the SLQ-32 EW system to help the TAO coordinate the defense of the ship.

Use of fade charts to estimate target altitude for a 2D surface radar is a well known technique. Use of multipath propagation to estimate target height is not all that ¯«©_. How do you think the APS-145 on the E-2T determines the target altitude?

>A:Âà¤T¦¸¬°¦ó¥i¥HÅ|°_¥|¹Dªi§ô°Ú?(§Ú¬O¯uªº¤£À´..XDD),¦¹¥~³o¼Ë§ó·s²v©M»~®t·|¤£·|¤Ó¤j©O?§ÚÁ`ıªº­±¹ï¦hªT±°®ü­¸¼u,³o¨Ç¯uªº¦³¥Î¶Ü? @@

This just means the search radar beam is mechanically steered to cover different elevations. SPS-48E steers its beams more precisely using electronic scanning but mechanical scanning works also. You can work out the maths yourself. The CAS search antenna rotates at 60 rpm. The beam cycles through all its elevations in 4.5 rotations, giving a 3D data renewal rate of ~14 times a minute. Guess how many times the SPS-48E rotate in a minute?

Precision or angular resolution is a determined by beamwidth and signal processing. The Mk 92 radars have narrow beams and the mod.6 has processing that allows 2X improvements in range and low angle performance vs the mod.2. Having a height-finidng capability does not decrease the anti-sea skimmer capabilities of the system. In any event, the targets are designated to fire control radars (ie. STIR or the tracker in CAS) for more precise tracking and fire control.

>A:¦¨¥\¯ÅªºMK92 MOD6 & SYS-2´N¥i¥H¾ã¦X©Ò¦³¹p¹F¸ê°T¦¨¬°¤@­Ó³æ¤@°lÂÜÀÉ,©Ò¥H¹ï±°®ü¥Ø¼Ð¦³«Ü°ªªº°»´ú²v,

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FYI, the F-14/AIM-54 combo was developed before SM-2
A:§Ú³oªº½T¬O¤Þ³ë¥¢¸q..XDD

Precision or angular resolution is a determined by beamwidth and signal processing. The Mk 92 radars have narrow beams and the mod.6 has processing that allows 2X improvements in range and low angle performance vs the mod.2. Having a height-finidng capability does not decrease the anti-sea skimmer capabilities of the system. In any event, the targets are designated to fire control radars (ie. STIR or the tracker in CAS) for more precise
tracking and fire control.

A:¨ä¹ê§Úªº·N«ä¬O,¦pªGªi§ô¯¶,ºë«×¬O°ª¤F,¦ý·j¯Á½d³ò«oÅܤp¤F,¦]¬°§A¥u·j¯Á4¹Dªi§ôÅ|°_¨Óªº°ª«×
/¨¤«×,BTW,¤£ª¾±z¬O§_¦³¹ê»Úªº·j¯Á¶ZÂ÷,2X improvements in range ¦n¹³¼t°Óªº¼s§i°Ú..XDD,
§Ú¬Ý¨ì¤@¼Ë¼Æ¾Ú,°w¹ï±°®ü­¸¼u³o¼Ëªº¥Ø¼Ð,SPS-48E °»´ú¶ZÂ÷31KM.¤£ª¾¬O§_¥¿½T?¦pªG¥¿½T,¨ºCAS
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Is FRESCAN not electronic beamforming? SPS-48E uses an ¡marray¡n of ¡mphase shifters¡n to do this. What do you think that is called?

4.5¬íªº§ó·s²v¹ïLST(large slow target)¥i¯à°÷¦n¤F,¦ý¦hªT¶W­µ³t­¸¼uÁÙ¬O­Ó¸nªù, ¤£¥©§Ú­Ìªº°²·Q¼Ä·|¦³¶V¨Ó¶V¦hªº¶W­µ³t¤ÏÄ¥­¸¼u,©Ò¥H¥¼¨Ó´£¤ÉÀ³¸Ó¬O­n§â³o­Ó·í¦¨¥D­n¥Ø¼Ð§a? ¤£¹L§ÚÁÙ¯uªº¤£ª¾¹DSPS-48E RPM¬O¦h¤Ö..XDD,¦L¶H¤¤¦n¹³¦³¤£¦P¼Ò¦¡/Âà³t.

The SPS-48E antenna rotates at 7.5 or 15 rpm :). To achieve longer range, you rotate at a slower rate, gives the echo longer time to bounce back from a distant target.

Yes, and your point is?

Mr. Anderson ©È·|»~·|¦¨¬Û¦ì°}¦C¹p¹F ... I tried to explain that SPS-48E IS a phased array. Major difference with fixed arrays like SPY-1 is that SPS-48E only scans (using phase shifters to steer 9 beams) in elevation and the whole antenna rotates to scan in azimuth. SPY-1, of course, steers beams in both azimuth and elevation.

I will get to the multipath height-finding later.

Phased array radars scan beams by shifting the phase of the signals sent from an array of elements. (The array can be a stack of transmitting elements one above the other - usually angled slightly backwards to cover higher elevations).

Shifting the phase of the signals from one transmitting element to the next in the array result in the signals sent from the different elements being ¡mout of phase¡n with each other. This, in turn, causes ¡mconstructive¡n or ¡mdestructive¡n interference between the signals. As a result of constructive interference

As a public service to all physics and maths teachers - here is the equation:

phase shift between adjacent elements (in radians) = (2 X Pi/lambda) d Sin(Theta)

where:

Pi = ... eh ... that constant pi ... you know 3.1416 ... et seq ad nauseum

lambda = the wavelength of the signal

d = the distance between elements

theta = the angle you want to electronically form the beam.

This shift in phase can be achieved by

1) adding a time-delay to;

2) varying the frequency of;

signals between one element to the next in the array -

or 3) using a device that is actually called a phase shifter or PHASER (Star Trek fans take note!)

FRESCAN phased array radars like SPS-48 uses 2) ie. varying the frequencies of signals from one element to the next - in the vertical plane. That is ¡mshifting the phase¡nof the signals but it was not strictly correct for me to call it ¡mphase shifters¡n because there is a device called that name using an alternative technique to varying frequencies. Sorry about the confusion.

>There are no stupid questions

Here is any other stupid one from me. The HAW actually can be either Inertial Midcourse Guidance or the True Homing All the Way, what are the pro & con?
Also any practical & affordable means to change the PFG-2 into IMCG capable? Or simply change it into SB MBG as the ultimate retrofit? (as I don¡¦t think ROCN can get the MFR in the foreseeable future.)

Standard disclaimer follows: ... il ny a aucune question stupide ...

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¡uºD©Ê + ¤¤¬q«ü´§¾É¤Þ¡vÅý­¸¼u¥i¥H´`³Ì°ª®Ä²vªº¯è¹D(ª¦°ª¤§«á­Á½Ä)­¸¦V¥Ø¼Ð¡C¦]¦¹¡A¥Î³oºØ¾É¤Þ¤è¦¡ªº­¸¼u¥i¥H¤ñ HAW ­¸¦a»·«Ü¦h¡C SM-1 ©M SM-2 ®gµ{ªº®t§O¥D­n´N´N¦b³o¸Ì¡C

­t³dµo®i±±¨îSM-2 ­¸¼u WDS Mk 14 ¨t²Îªº Vitro ¤½¥q(¡u­^¯è¤Ó¡v¶°¹Î¦¨­û)¤w¸g±N³o­Ó¨t²Îªº³nÅéÂಾ¨ì COTS ¹q¸£³B²z¾¹¤W¾Þ§@¡C(°ò¥»¤W¬O¤@­Ó¥i¥H´¡¦bUYQ-70 ®i±±¥x©ÎªÌ¬O UYK-43 ¹q¸£ Open System Module ªº VMEbus ¤Wªº 44EP ¹q¸£¥d)¡C³o­Ó¤SºÙ¬°¡u¼Ð·Ç­¸¼u³B²z¾¹¡v(SMP) ªº¨t²Î¬O¥i¥H©M²{¦³ Mk 92 mod6 ¨t²Î³s½u¡C¬ü°ê®ü­x­ì¥»­p¹º¥Î³o­Ó¨t²Î§ï¨} FFG-7 ªº¾Ô¨t¡A¤£¹L«á¨Ó¦]¬°§N¾Ôªºµ²§ô¦Ó³Q¨ú®ø¡C¥Î COTS ¬J«K©y¤S¬Ù­«¶q¡A¦P®É¦pªG¬OÄ~Äò¨Ï¥Î¤w¸gµo®i¦¨¼ôªº CMS-2 ¤é³nÅé´N§ó¥[²Å¦X¸gÀÙ­ì«h¡C°£¤F SMP ¥H¥~¡AVitro ¤½¥q¥çµo®i¥X¾ã®M§ï¨}FFG-7 ¾Ô¨tªº¤è®×¡C©Ò¦³¦Ñªº UYK-43 ©M UYK-44 ¹q¸£ªº¥\¯à³£¥Ñ Visibridge COTS µwÅé¥N´À¡C¤j³¡¥÷ªºCMS-2 ³nÅ餴µM«O¯d¥Ñ Visibridge ¡u¥é®Ä¡v(emulate) ­ì¨Óªº¹q¸£¾Þ§@¡C¨t²Î©Ò¦³ªº®i±±¥x³£¥Î¤@¨t¦C¥Ñ FDDI LAN ³s±µªºUYQ-70 ¹q¸£®i±±¥x¥N´À¡C±N¨Ó¡ASSDS µ¥³nÅ駹¦¨µo®i«á¡A­n´«¸Ë¨ì³o­ÓUYQ-70 + LAN ¶}©ñ¦¡¹q¸£¬[ºc¬O«Ü®e©öªº¡C

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SPY-3 ¦¡¦h¥\¯à¹p¹F(MFR) ²{¥¿¦bµo®i¤¤¡A­n¸Ë¨ì PFG-2 ¤W¥i¯àÁÙ¦³¤@¬q®É¶¡¡C§ó¤£­n§@¹Ú¸Ë EMPAR¡C­n¥H³Ì§C¦¨¥»§ï¨} Mk 92 mod.6 ªº CAS ¬O¦³¤@¨Ç¿ìªk¡C¨ä¤¤¤@­Ó´N¬O¾n¦b Darth Panda ¦Ñ®aHengelo ªº Thales (­ì¨Ó¡u²üÄõ¹q«H¡v¤½¥qSignaal) §ï¨} CAS ·j¯Á¤Ñ½uªº¤è®×¡C§ï¨}«áªº CAS ±N¦³¨â­Ó·j¯Á¤Ñ½u¡u­I¹ï­I¡v¦a¸Ë¦b²{¦³ªºÂà½L¤W¡C­ì¦³¥i¥H¥Î¾÷±ñ¦¡±N·j¯Áªi³t¤W¤U±½´y´ú°ª«×ªº¦Ñ¤Ñ½u¤´µM«O¯d¡C¤£¹L¡A¦b³o­Ó¤Ñ½u«á­±´N¥[¸Ë¤F¤@­Ó·sªº¥­­±¦¡¡B§C®ÇÄ|·j¯Á¤Ñ½u¡C¥­­±¤Ñ½u¨Ï¥Î¤@­Ó¤W¤U«Ü¼e (30 «×)ªºªi§ô¨ó§U´£°ª¸ê®Æ½·s²v¡C

ADAR was basically a down-graded version of SPY-1 (and ADAR-2N similar to SPY-1F) - why in the world would you want that when you can get SPY-1D?

We have been through this nonsense about navalizing TK-1 (let a lone TK-2). We are still heckled by the contractors for pulling out of that effort. That is a non-starter.

There is Mk-54 and Mk-46 mod5A(S) available so what would be the reason to waste valuable resources developing your own light weight torpedo?

There is the small issue of national survival at stake here. Priorities for military procurement is not 1) national prestige 2) keeping home-grown military R&D; alive ...

The only reason for indigenous defense programs was the Reagan-era charade to keep the PRC happy - and cooperative against the Soviet Union. Indigenous programs were and still are much more expensive than FMS. Yet most of the key (and program-specific) components still had to be imported. There never was much hope of export. So, there would never be any return-on-investment nor economies of scale for building up the manufacturing capabilities.

Indigenous programs solved the 1980s problem of access to advanced weapons technology. They filled a gap but for various reasons never developed into a viable self-sustaining industry. In a time of funding shortage and many expensive programs to pay for, it is foolish to waste resources on pie-in-the-sky programs when the political climiate is such that there is access to mature systems for importing.

Better get the systems while you can before that access is lost - the US presidential election is just around the corner.

What worries me is that these upgrades have not yet been put into service yet. The USN seems to be concentrating resources on developing the next generation Volume Search Radar (VSR) and the Multi-Function Radar (MFR; SPY-3, X-band). The USN is also moving from L-band to S-band for the next generation Volume Search Radar (VSR). Sure hope they let some resources trickle down to some upgrade programs for the SPS-49 - after all the R&D; has largely been completed.

Re: Elmo Zumwalt - I am glad at least someone knew what he did (and not mistake him for someone with red fur, a long nose and squeeky voice). His Hi-Lo mix proposal to deal with block obsolescence of the FRAM destroyers was a classic case-study of optimizing limited resources. One might quibble over whether the FFG-7 could have been made bigger for more growth margins like Reuven Leopold s DD-963 design. But, the program got the job done - built up enough numbers of an ocean escort with adequate capabilities to fulfill mission requirements. The key here was adequate capabilities - a Claud Jones sized unit would have been useless and the Bronsteins would have been a little too small. Had there been a need, a 40 ft plug had been designed by Gibbs & Cox to stretch the basic FFG-7 hull.

CEA-MOUNT is a clever piece of kit, theoretically, it can steer multiple beams to illuminate multiple targets simultaneously. It was designed to be cheap and easy to make (the same guy who designed the Phalcon also designed this). If it was available, it would be great but ...

Seriously, with modifications, the STIR would be perfectly adequate for handling all tracking guidance tasks for the SM-2. The tracker in the CAS is a little too small and would not be as good for distant targets. Under the concept of designing to cost, the sensible thing to do is to retain these radars to guide SM-2. (One clever alternative would be to get Mk 74 directors from decommissioned DDG-2s, upgrade them to mod 15 and use two to replace the CAS and STIR). A SPQ-9Q on the mast head would satisfy even those ¡mdata refresh rate junkies¡nwe have around here.

It is coming back to haunt me now, 20 years ago, right after the Falklands, I was one of those who jumped up and down about the need for high data rate search radars for ASMD ... Now I have to tell people that you also need long range precsision tracking for air control and SM-2 engagements :) The foolishness of one¡As youth ...

In the Falklands, Sea Harriers scored more kills than any SAMs, the ships best able to direct them were County-class DDGs with a height-finder radar - not the ships with new-fangled, high data rate target indication radars. The 3D Type 996 was adopted after the war to fill this gap. The ROCN need this element in air defense - with a air launched AShM threat, it is necessary to have the ability to ¡mshoot the Indians rather than the arrows¡n, (a Naval War College analogy that great ROCN thinkers like retired Admiral Lan, Ning-li also likes to use.)

Finally, Christmas QUIZ!!!!

>>His Hi-Lo mix proposal to deal with block obsolescence of the FRAM destroyers was a >>classic case-study of optimizing limited resources
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Here are some info regarding the current status of Spruance class. If ROCN are to late to ask USN to lease/sale us those Spruance class, they might scrapped those ships.

As of mid-2000 the Navy planned to decommission 11 ships in this class between 2001 and 2005 and the remaining 13 ships between 2006 and 2009. Navy destroyers have historically been retired by 30 years of service. By 2009 the oldest unit of this class would have been in commission for 26 years. A plan to decommission four ships prematurely during FY 95 was canceled, but in 1997 it was recommended that those units which had not been backfitted with vertical launchers be retired. In 1998 the seven Spruance-class destroyers which did not receive the Tomahawk VLS upgrade (DD 974, 976, 979, 983, 984, 986, 990) were decommissioned after only two decades of service, to accomodate the introduction of the improved AEGIS-capable Arleigh Burke destroyers. During the year 2001 the ships Caron [DD 970] and Moosbrugger [DD 980] were decommissioned. All decommissioned ships were scheduled to be scrapped.
from http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ship/dd-963.htm

Come on Albert! Thought you would be able to get it - considering that part of the name was VOYEUR in French ;)

>¦n¹³¬O75
^^
We have a winner!!

BRAVO ZULU ®ÇÆ[ªÌ2 !

Too bad the prize was not a lifetime supply of Kobe beef from the builder of the ship, Kawasaki! :)

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Cruiser conversion will affect CG-47 Baseline 2, 3 and 4 ships. The first five ships in the class, known as Baseline 1, will not receive the conversion. USS Ticonderoga, the lead ship of the class, is now 20 years old and will be decommissioned next year. USS Thomas S. Gates (CG-51) was commissioned in 1987. The first five ships of the class did not receive the vertical-launch system upgrade. The Navy plans to retire Baseline 1 in fiscal year 2006

°²¦p³o­Óºc·Q¯à°÷³Q´Â³¥¦U¬É»{¦Pªº¸Ü,§Ú­Ìªº®ü­x´N·|¦³¥|­Ó§¹¾ãªºÄ¥¶¤(©M¥­®É´Á,«n¥_¦U¤@­ÓÄ¥¶¤¨µÅÞ, ¤@­ÓÄ¥¶¤°µ«O­×, ¤@­ÓÄ¥¶¤°µ°V½m. §@¾Ô®É´Á, ¥|­Ó§¹¾ãªºÄ¥¶¤´N¥i¥H¦b»OÆWªºªF,«n,¦è,¥_,¨¾½Ã»OÆW). ¨C­Ó§@¾ÔÄ¥¶¤´N·|¦³¤@±ø«k§J¯ÅIIA¯Å(¥¼¨Ó¤Q¦~¤§¤º¤@©w·|¶R),¤@±ø¬ö¼w¯Å, ¤G±ø¦¨¥\¯Å©M¤G±øSpruance class (°²¦p§Ú­Ìªº®ü­x°÷Áo©ú©M¥ß©e¤£¾xªº¸Ü, Spruance class ¥Î¨Ó¨ú¥N9¦rÀYªºÀÙ¶§¯Å­xÄ¥¬O«D±`smartªº°µªk)(¦³Ãö Spruance class ªºinformation, ½Ð¸Ô¨£¤W­±ªºLink©M¥þ²y¨¾½Ã153, 156, 163, ©M170¶°), ¥|±ø³q¥Î Destroyers, ¤ô¤U¦³¤G±ø¼ç¸¥(¬O¤°»òclass ´N¤£ª¾¹D¤F, ¦Ó¥BªA§Ð®É¶¡¥i¯à·|¦b10¦~©Î§ó±ß,³o´N¬O¬°¤°»ò¬ü°ê§Æ±æ§Ú­Ì§â¿úªá¦b¤M¤f¤W. ³o­Ó©Ò¿×ªº¤M¤f¤W,¥i¯à´N¬OSpruance class©M¤Q¤»±ø1500¾·¯Åªº³q¥Î Destroyers ¦Ó¤£¬Oªá¦bªA§Ð®É¶¡¥i¯à·|¦b10¦~©Î§ó±ßªº¤K±ø¼ç¸¥) ©M¤T¬[¦b¤Ñ¤W­¸ªºP3-C©Î¤T¬[MMA¤Ï¼ç¾÷, ¦A¥[¤W³o¤E±ø­xÄ¥¤Wªº¤Ï¼çª½ª@¾÷(¥i¯à·|¦³«k§J¯ÅIIA 1X1 or 2 §Ú§Ñ¤F, Spruance class 2X2, ¦¨¥\ 2X2, ³q¥Î Destroyers 4X1, ¬ö¼w 1X1 or 2 depends on the modification of ¾÷®w like Spruance class------Total 14 ¬[¤Ï¼çª½ª@¾÷.

³o¥|­Ó§¹¾ãªºÄ¥¶¤,¥]§t 4X9=36 ±ø­xÄ¥¥[¤W 4X14=56 ¬[¤Ï¼çª½ª@¾÷, ¦A¥[¤W12¬[ªøµ{¤Ï¼ç¾÷©M8±ø¼ç¸¥´N¬O§Ú­Ì¥i¥H´Á±æªº§Ú°ê®ü­x­x¤O.

¬°¦ó§Ú¤£§â±d©w¯Å©ñ¤J§@¾ÔÄ¥¶¤¤¤ªº­ì¦]´N¬O¤W­±©Ò³¯­zªºresult.·íªì°µ¨M©wªº¤H¯uªº¨S¦³·Qªº«Ü²M·¡.ªk°ê¤w¸g¤£·|¦A½æ¨ä¥L¤Q±ø±d©w¯Å¨Ó®·³o­Ó¯Ê¤f,¦Ó¥B­ì¥»±d©w¯Åªº¾Ô¨t--TAVITAC2000--¤SµLªk©M¬ü°êªºªZ¾¹¬Û®e,­n´£ª@±d©w¯Åªº¾Ô¤O¯uªº«ÜÃø, °£«D¦A¸Ë¤W¤@®M¬ü³W¾Ô¨t©M¬ü°êªºªZ¾¹¨t²Î. °²¦p³o»ò°µªº¸Ü, ªáªº¿ú¥i¯à¥i¥H¶R¤»±ø·sªº1500¾·¯Å³q¥Îªº Destroyers. ¦A»¡¤@¦¸,·íªì°µ¨M©w¶R±d©w¯Åªº¤H¯uªº­n§ì¨Ó¥´¤@¥´.

³o¤@Ä檺¥DÃD¬O»OÆW®ü­xªº¤U¤@¥N­xÄ¥, ¦]¬°«k§J¯Å¬O¤@©w·|±ÄÁʪº, ©Ò¥H³Ñ¤U¨Óªº´N¬O¨º¤Q¤»±ø³q¥ÎDestroyers¸Ó±ÄÁʤ°»ò, ¦Ó¥B­n¨M©w¥Î¤°»ò­xÄ¥¨Ó¨ú¥NÀÙ¶§¯Å­xÄ¥(¥»¤H±j¯P«Øij¥Î¤K±øSpruance class¨Ó¨ú¥N), §Æ±æ¦U¦ì­x¨Æ¦P¦n­Ì¯à°÷ Focus and get to the point, and dont spend our time on ¦Ñ¦ò·Ý§¤¾r ¬O¤°»ò ³oºØ¸ÜÃD¤§¤W.

Another thing is that will our Navy install RAM for ¬ö¼wÄ¥ also like Spruance class although only one of Spruance class install RAM. The reason why that US Navy only install RAM for one Spruance class is that the Spruance class will be decommissioned soon.

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