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Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/12 02:28 | |
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Supp ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/12 17:11 | |
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®üÀs®üªê²{¦b¬O§_¦³°t³Æ¯S®íª©¥»ªºJTIDS? °£¤FSUT««¬³½¹p¥~, ¬O§_ÁÙ¦³¨ä¥L¯S®íªºfish? §N¾Ô®É´Á¦Ñ¬ü¥hwire-tappingĬÁp¤Hªº®ü©³¹qÆl, ª÷ªù°¨¯ª¼ê´òµ¥¥~®qªº®ü©³¹qÆlÀ³¸Ó·|³Q¦Ñ¦@tapping, ¦Ó§Ú°ê¬O§_¦³§Q¥Î¼çÄ¥¶i¦æ¤ô¤U¤Ï¨î? §Ú°ê¬O§_¤w¸g²Õ´©ìºôº®²î¤Ï¼ç? ¦Ñ¦@ªº®ü´ú²î¨s³º¦³´X¿´? ºô¸ô¤W¬O§_¦³ºô¶¤¶²Ð? ¤¤µØ¹q«H»P¨ä¥L°ê®a¦X§@çE®üÆl©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº²î, À³¸Ó¥i¥HɨÓçESOSUSÁn¯Ç, ¦ÓL¦º¸¡¤¤ªºSOSUS¥u³¡¸p¦bĬ¿D´ä¥~¦Ó¤w¶Ü? ´ä¿D¦b^ºÞ»P¸²ºÞ®É´Á¬O§_¤w¸g»P¬ü°ê¦X§@¦b¨ä®ü°ì¾Q³]SOSUS? |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/13 03:42 | |
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Supp¥S¡M Åwªï¤J´ä¡T §Ú¥ý¨Ó±q¤Ï¼ç¾÷½Í°_¡C¦b³o¦¸xÁʤ¤¡M°ê¨¾³¡q¤F12¬[ P-3C Orion ¤Ï¼ç¾÷¡C¨ä©Ê
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§õ²E·®á ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/13 12:47 | |
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½Ð°Ý±M®a ÄdºIºô¦³®Ä¶Ü ?? ¥t¥~ ¦b¥x®ü¤¤©ñ¯B°Ê¦¡ªºÁn¯Ç¾¸µ¨î³y¾¹ ¬O§_¥i¥H²V¶Ã¼Äx¼ç¸¥¦æ°Ê ?? |
¦èªù¼y ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/13 16:50 | |
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¦èªù¼y ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/13 17:23 | |
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CosmoHorizon ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/13 20:42 | |
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¤§«e¤£°O±o¬O¨º¦ì«e½ú¦³´£¨ì,Tom Clancy¦b¤§«e¦³´£¥X¬üx¼ç¸¥·t¤¤¨ó§U¥xÆWªº¥i¯à©Ê,²¦³º,¼Ä¤H¬O¨S¿ìªk¹îı¬O¨º¤@°êªº¼ç¸¥¦b§ðÀ»¥LÌ ¤p§ÌÓ¤H³Ì¾á¤ßªº¬O¥¼¨Óªº¤Q¿´¼ç¸¥¦b±¹ï¦p¦¹¼Æ¶qÃe¤jªº¼Äx¼ç¸¥³¡¶¤®Éªº¥Í¦s¯à¤O,¥H¤Î¬O§_¥i¥H¦b¥x®ü¦p¦¹°ª±j«×ªº¾Ô³õ¶i¦æ¦³µ¹¤©ªº¥ô°È... |
Supp ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/13 23:01 | |
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¤j¦ó ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/13 23:25 | |
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Supp ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/13 23:40 | |
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«ezÃö©óÁnªi½s½Xªº¤@Ó¬Û·í«n²z¥Ñ«K¬O¼Ä§ÚÃѧO, ³z¹L¼eÀWwidebandªº¦hÀW¤À½X¦h¤uF-CDMAÁnªi, ¤ô¤U¸ü¨ã«K¯à°÷¶i¦æ³q°T, ¶i¦ÓÃѧO¼Ä§Ú. ¦b¤ô¤U§@¾Ô®É, ÁöµM³æ¥´¿W°«¯à°÷´î§C§xÂZ, ¦ý¬O¦b¤ô±Ä¥¶¤»P¤Ï¼ç¾÷Áp¦X§@¾Ô¤§¤U, ¦pªG¼çÄ¥¯à°÷¨ó¦P§@¾Ô, Ä´¦p¨â¿´¼çÄ¥¥HBi-staticªº¤è¦¡½ü¬y¶i¦æ³q°T, ¦b¤ô±Ä¥ªº¤Ï¼çªZ¾¹®gµ{¤§¥~, §Y¯à«Ø¥ß««¬³½¹p©Î¼ç®g¸¼uªº¦³®Ä®gÀ»¸Ñºâ. |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/14 00:41 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
§õ²E·®á¥S¡M >½Ð°Ý±M®a ÄdºIºô¦³®Ä¶Ü ?? >¥t¥~ ¦b¥x®ü¤¤©ñ¯B°Ê¦¡ªºÁn¯Ç¾¸µ¨î³y¾¹ ¬O§_¥i¥H²V¶Ã¼Äx¼ç¸¥¦æ°Ê ?? ¦èªù¼y¥S¡M ±z¬O¥H«e±`¦b¥~¿Wª©¥X¨S·F¦Ñ¦@ªº¦èªù¦Ñ¤j¶Ü¡S >º¥ý·PÁÂPinus¦Ñ¤j¸g±`´£¨ÑÄ_¶Qª¾ÃÑ¡C >¼çÄ¥¹ï²î¹Îµo°Ê§ðÀ»®É·|¤£·|¼ÉÅS¦Û¤v¦æÂÜ¡H >¤Ï¼çªÌ»Ýn¦h¤Ö®É¶¡¨Ó§ì¥X§ðÀ»¼çÄ¥¤§¦ì¸m¡H >§ì¥X¨ä¦ì¸m¤§«á¡A¯à§_¨³³t¥Hª½ª@¾÷¸¹L¥h§ë®g¤Ï¼çªZ¾¹¡H >¥H¥Ø«e¤¤¦@¼ç¸¥¤§©Ê¯à¡A§ðÀ»¤§«á¦³µL¯à¤O¨³³t°kÂ÷²{³õ¡H¥ç©Î°k¤£¹L§Ú¤è¤§°lÂÜ ¥¦¤£·|¶Ì¨ì¸ò¸¾÷¥h¤ñ§Ö¡M©w¬O±Ä¨ú¤U¼ç¤è¦¡¡M¥un¼ç±o°÷§Ö¡M¤Ï¼ç¾÷¤]®³¥¦²ö¥i >¤p§Ìªº·Qªk¬O¡A¦bP-3¤Î·s¼ç¸¥¥¼¦¨x¤§«e¡A ª½¤É¾÷¥Ñ©ó¯èµ{¤Î¸ü«¶qªº¨î¡M¤@¯ë¥u¯à§@®ü©¤¨µÅÞ©ÎÄ¥¸ü¤Ï¼ç¥»O¡M«ÜÃø¨ú¥N >¥xÆWÁÙ¬O¤£·|©}ªA¡C ¥xÆWÀ³¸Ó¤£·|³Q¦]¤ô¹p«ÊÂê¦Ó©}ªA¡M°£«D¥xÆW¤H¤ß¨¾¯Ü®z¨ì¡y¬Ý³ø¯È´NÀ~¦º¡z¡C¦p >¤£¹L¡A¤£ª¾¹D§ÚªÅx¦b¤¤¦@¸¼uŧÀ»¤§¤U¡A¯à§_«O¯d¨¬°÷¤ÏÀ»¯à¶q¡H >¦pªG§Ú¤è¾Ö¦³¤j¶q¨µ¤|¸¼u(1000¤½¨½®gµ{§Y¥i)¡A¬O§_¥i¹K¤î¤¤¦@Äø°Ê¡H CosmoHorizon ¥S¡M >¤p§ÌÓ¤H³Ì¾á¤ßªº¬O¥¼¨Óªº¤Q¿´¼ç¸¥¦b±¹ï¦p¦¹¼Æ¶qÃe¤jªº¼Äx¼ç¸¥³¡¶¤®Éªº¥Í¦s ¤£n§Ñ¤F¡M¦b¥x®ü±¡¶Õ¤U¡M¥xÆW¤£¤Ó¥i¯à¬O©tx§@¾Ô¡C¦pªG¥xÆW¦³¤Q¿´¼çÄ¥(¦Ó¥B¸Ë |
fer-de-lance ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/14 00:59 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
My 2 cents worth ... the Falklands showed how much the sub threat can influence the course of a conflict. The threat posed by the RN SSN kept the Argentines in port for the rest of the conflict after the sinking of the Belgrano. Two British frigates supporting a number of Sea Kings (HIFR refueling and changing crews at sea) spent an inordinate amount of time hunting one Argentine SSK. (Actual a world record for the length of time spent by Sea Kings on an ASW mission.) What the ROCN really could do with is SURTASS, preferably with an low frequency active adjunct. There had been much talk about sea bottom based listening devices (Proj. Dragon Eye or whatever) but, to deal effectively with quiet SSK fitted with anechoic tiles - long-range low frequency active sonar would be very nice. With such a wide coverage, the low frequency active can allow bi-static or multi-static operations; oen sound source, many receiving stations. Pinus, you can use P-3C deployed sonobuoy fields for barrier patrols but you do not have to cover the whole operating area all the time. There are ways to funnel or force the other guy to avoid certain areas - defensive ASW minefields being one simple method. |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/14 01:22 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
Glad to see you show up, Bishop fer-de-lance! Yes, defensive ASW minefields option is definitely in my mind and is one thing that I think ¤¤¤s¬ì¾Ç°| |
fer-de-lance ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/14 13:33 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
Bishop!? What, and be celibate!? I think not ... Only Air Force pukes complain about long missions (serves them right, they will never find the high-paying jobs as long-haul airline pilots). Real men (or women), ie. Navy airedales, can hack it - with or without the ginseng ... (a real aphrodisiac, by the way). How do you think they fly 747-400 or A340 on long-haul flights? They carry spare pilots. Unlike the Trackers, the P-3C were based on an airline airframe (the Electra). You can get up, walk to the galley to get coffee, lie down on rest bunks - go make head calls (try to do that on a Tracker!) |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/14 13:53 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
>Bishop!? What, and be celibate!? I think not ... Hehehe...if I read history right, you only have to be celibate in name but in reality... Well, long-haul flights over the Pacific watching 3 or 4 movies is one thing, staring at the monitors of your MAD and sonar headphones for many, many hours and worrying about being shot at is quite another. I havent done it myself, but I have heard complains before (and not from Air Force guys):p. Have you ever heard that ASW planes been shot down by subs? All stroies I have heard before are that subs always ran like mice upon being contacted by ASW. I dont know whether these guys were just BSing or not. |
³·· ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/14 14:41 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
>>Have you ever heard that ASW planes been shot down by subs? Many examples during WWII. The AA guns on German U-boats were very deathful. P-3C¤ñ°_¨ä¥L¸¾÷¬OµÎªA¦h¤F¡A¦³Ó¤p¼p©Ð¥i¥H¥[¼ö¹ª«µN©@°ØÁÙ¦³´Z©Ò¡A¦¦b1960¦~¥N¤¤´Á34¤¤¶¤´N±µ¦¬¹LP-3A°µ¬°²`¤J¤¤°ê¤º³°ªº¯S®í°»¹î§@¾Ô¾÷«¬¡A¦ý¨Ï¥Î®É¶¡¨Ã¨S¦³«Üªø´N²¾¥æ¦^¬ü°ê¤H¤â¤¤¡C Pinus¥SÁ¿¨ìª½ª@¾÷ªº°ÝÃD¡AP-3CÁÙ¥i¥H±¾³½¤e¡B¤¦T¤õ½b¡B¬Æ¦Ü¤p¤û¸¼u·í§ðÀ»¤ô±Ä¥¸¥ªº¸ü¥x¡AS-70C(M)-1©M500MD/ASW´N¿ì¤£¨ì¡C |
fer-de-lance ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/15 00:58 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
Doenitz rescinded the stay-on-the-surface-and-fight-back policy after it was clear that it did not pay - even with the Vierling 4 X 2cm mount. http://uboat.net/history/aircraft_losses.htm The British came up with the Anti-Submarine Rocket Projectile (RP) that gave even the Swordfish sufficient stand-off capabilities to hole surfaced U-boats (literally, the RP used a solid armor piercing warhead - punches holes in the pressure hull and the U-boat cannot submerge ...) There was also the British 600lb A/S bomb that could be dropped from high altitude - outside AA range - by larger aircraft equipped with decent bombsights like the Halifax. These days, with the extended range of sensors and weapons, you really do not want to give a clear datum point for the ASW forces to narrow their search. Sinking a ship (especially an important one) is worth the trade-off of giving a so-called flaming datum for the other guys to start their search. But, popping a mere ASW aircraft - or worse - firing and missing - AND giving away you position to your intended victim ....? Funny someone should mention the loss of the USN ASW blimp K-74 on July 18, 1943 off Florida. The ASW blimp was most effective as a deterrent - it could be clearly seen miles away. Of the approximately 89,000 protected by blimps, none were sunk by U-boats. The K-74 was ordered to attack a surfaced U-boat against standing orders, was hit so many times in the gas bag that it lost too much helium to stay aloft. The unfortunate part was the bomb release mechanism failed as the blimp passed very slowly right over its target - could not have missed if the depth bombs were released. The blimp passed beyond the U-boat and settled slowly onto the seas off Florida. Only one man was lost. The U-boat U-134 was later sunk by a Coastal Command Wellington near Spain while returning to base in France. Recent research suggest that another blimp may have been shot down by a U-boat on July 2, 1944 near Bar Harbor, Maine with the loss of 7 crewmen out of 11 onboard. US Navy records claimed that the loss was caused by pilot error. However, eye witness reported a battle. When the blimp was salvaged, it was missing its depth charges. There were also spent shell casings and dead fish at the scene, suggesting a battle took place. The incident was covered up by the US Navy to avoid panicking the local inhabitants. Some have suggested that this was the U-233, sunk on July 5 SE of Halifax by the Destroyer Escorts USS Baker and USS Thomas from the Hunter-Killer Group centered around the escort carrier USS Card. Need to do a bit of research to check this out but if it was the same U-boat - it shows again, how having a clear datum point from which to plot the area of uncertainty to start a search is often the first step in sub-hunting success. |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/21 13:23 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
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Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/22 13:11 | |
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¤@¯ë¤Ï¼çªºµJÂI³£¬O¦b§ðÀ»¼Ä¤è¼çÄ¥¤W¡M¦ý¬O±q¡§·½ÀY¡¨§ðÀ»À³¸Ó¤]«Ü«n¡C¦bNO:208_158 «¥Ì´£¨ì¤F¹ï¼ç³q«Hªº°ÝÃD¡C¤@¸sµLªk¦¬¨ì«ü¥Oªº¼çÄ¥¡M¥u¬O¤@¸s´²§L´å«i¡MµLªk ²£¥Í±j¤jªº§@¥Î¡C¦]¦¹¦b¥x®üªº¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô¡M¦p¦ó¨Ï±o¤¤°ê¹ï¼ç³q«H¨t²Î¥¢®ÄÀ³·í¤] ¬O«Üȱoª`·Nªº½ÒÃD¡C³o¸Ì±¦³«Ü«ªº¥÷¶q¬O±¡³ø¾Ô¡C ¥Ñ©óVLFÀ³·íÁÙ¬OPLAN¹ï¼ç³q«Hªº¥Dnªi¬q¡M¦ÓVLFªºªiªø¦b´X¤Q¨ì¤W¦Ê¤½¨½¥ª¥k¡M PLA¤]¦³¥i¯à¥Î¸¾÷¨Ó§@¬°³q«H¤¤Ä~¯¸¡M±q«ü´§³¡(¤]³\³z¹L½Ã¬P)±µ¦¬UHF©ÎVHF«H¸¹¡M |
¸ô¹L ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/22 13:23 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
P-3C¯u¬O¦nªF¦è !! |
¦èªù¼y ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/23 17:06 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
Pinus¦Ñ¤j ³o»ò»¡¨Ó, ¦pªG¦Ñ¦@VLFªº¦a±µo®g¥x¦ì©óµØ¤¤©ÎµØ«nªu®ü, ¦pªG¦bµØ¥_,¤sªF´ñ®üÆW, §ÚÌ´N¤ñ¸ûÃø·d±¼¥¦, ¬O§a? ªü¦pªG¦Ñ¦@¥Î¸¾÷§@¬°³q«H¤¤Ä~¯¸ªº¸Ü, À³¸Ó·|Â\¦bªu®üs-300ªº«OÅ@½d³ò¤º, ¹ï¤£°_, §Úªº°ÝÃD³£«Ü¥~¦æ, ¤£¹L¦n¤£®e©ö¤~¤S¨£¨ì Pinus¦Ñ¤j¦³ªÅ¤W¨Ó, |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/24 01:06 | |
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¡ô¡ô>³o»ò»¡¨Ó, ¦pªG¦Ñ¦@VLFªº¦a±µo®g¥x¦ì©óµØ¤¤©ÎµØ«nªu®ü, >§ÚÌ´N¤ñ¸û¥i¯à¥Î1000¤½¨½ªº¨µ¤|¸¼u¥h·F±¼¥¦, >(¹ï¤£°_, ¤p§Ì¤S¦b¹Ú¤Û¤F, ¤£¹L§ÚÁ`ı±o,§Ú̶ե²nµo®i¥X¨µ¤|¸¼u¤~¯à¥¿Å¨â ©¤§¡¶Õ) >(¦Ñ¬ü¤]¶Õ¥²n¤ä´©§ÚÌ·d¥X¨µ¤|¸¼u¤~¦æ) ¤W¦¸§Ú»¡¹Ú¤Û¬O¬G·N¼J¯ºªº°Õ¡M¨Æ¹ê¤W§Ú³£«ÜÃø¬Û«H¥xÆW¨S¦³¦bµo®i(¦Ó¦Ñ¬ü¤]¨S¦³ ¥Ø«e¤wª¾ªº¤¤°êVLF¥x¦³12®y(³o¤£¬O¤°»ò¾÷±K¡Mºô¤W³£¥i¬d¨ì)¡M¥xÆWx¤è·íµM¤@©w 1994¦~¤¤°êº~¯Å®Ö¼ç§ä¨ì¥¿¦b¶À®ü®ü°ìºt²ßªº¬ü°êªÅ¥À¤pÆN¸¹¡M³z¹L³q«H¡M¥L̬£ >¦pªG¦bµØ¥_,¤sªF´ñ®üÆW, §ÚÌ´N¤ñ¸ûÃø·d±¼¥¦, ¬O§a? ¤@¥¹¶}¾Ô¡M¥xÆW¾ÔÄ¥¼çÄ¥»¡¤£©w´N¥X²{¦b¤jªf¥~®ü¡M¥i¿ï¾ÜªºªZ¾¹ºØÃþÀ³¸Ó¤£¤Ö§a¡S |
Luke-Skywalker ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/24 10:54 | |
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P-3C¯u¬O¦nªF¦è !! ¤]½Ð±z»¡»¡P-3C¦n¦b¨º¸Ì¡A¤£n¯d¤U³oºØÄé¤ô¦¡µo¨¥......... |
dasha ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/25 01:19 | |
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Án¯Ç¯B¼Ð¯à²[»\ªº½d³ò¤£²`,n©Rªº¬O¦³®Ä¶ZÂ÷«Üµu,ÁöµM«Ü«K©y,¦ý¥á¦h¤F¤]¬O«Ü¶Ëªº.©Ò¥HÅX¼ç¥i¥H¥u¾a¤Ï¼ç¾÷,Ây¼ç«D¾a¦³¨}¦nÁn¯Ç¨t²Î»P±M¾¤Hûªº¤ô±Ä¥»P¼çÄ¥¤£¯à«µ¥\. ¤j¶qÁʶR¤Ï¼çª½ª@¾÷?³oºØªF¦è¤]¬O«Ü¶Qªº,¦Ó¥B®üx¥i´dªº¬O¸¦æû¯Ê¥F«e³~,nÂX¤j¾÷¶¤·|±Á{«Ü¤jªº¤H¤O½Õ«×°ÝÃD:«Ü¦h¤HÅ¥¨ì¥i¯à³Q½Õ¨ì³oºØ³æ¦ì,´N¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì¥L¦b¥´°h¥î³ø§i...... Âù°ò¹p¹F©ÎÁn¯Çn¥ý¹ï¤ô¤å±ø¥ó¼ô±x¤~¯à¹B§@,§Ú°ê¥i¥Hª½±µ§â³oÓ±ø¥ó·í§@¤£¦s¦b...... §åµû§¹¤F¥H«á,¨ÓÂI¥¿±ªºªF¦è.ªñ®ü¤Ï¼ç¬OÓ«ÜÀYµhªºÃD¥Ø,¦]¬°Án¾ÇÀô¹Ò¥X©_½ÆÂø,¤j³°¶gÃ䪺³°´×°Ï¹L¥h¨ü¬Fªv¦]¯À¼vÅT¤S¤£¤Ó¦³¬ã¨s,©Ò¥H³oӰϰ쪺¼çÄ¥§@¾Ô»P¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô¤ñ·Q¹³¤¤ÁÙn¨Ì¿à¼ç±æÃè,²`¤ô¬µ¼u»P¨ë猬¯¥¨Ï¥Î¤W¤£·|¤ñ¤Ï¼ç¤õ½b®t¨ìþ¥h,¤j³°¨ì§º¯Å«e¨â¿´ªº³]p³£ÁÙ¬O«µø¤ô±©Ê¯à°ª©ó¤ô©³©Ê¯àªºì¦]¤]¦b¦¹.¦n¦b¬ü°êªñ¦~¤]¦bª±³o¤@¬q,¤j¥i弫K¨®¤@°_ª±,¤£¹L§Ú°êx¤è¨S¦³¤H¤Oª±³oÓ»â°ì...... µu´Á¤º¯à·dªº«h¬O¤ô±Ä¥Å@¯è¨î,¼çÄ¥±M³d·í¦¨¾Ô²¤§ðÀ»ªZ¾¹,¨ä¥L³£¬O¡u¦Ê¦~¤jp¡v--¤@Ó¥@¬ö«á¤~¯à§¹¦¨. |
fer-de-lance ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/25 07:08 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
¡mSonobuoy¡n is not one single, generic type of device. There are many different types and one single type can also operate on different modes, narrow band or broad band passive. You simply cannot say that all sonobuoys are short-ranged and cannot cover greater depths. Omni-directional active buoys like the SSQ-47 may have some limitations but the SSQ-62 DICASS (Directional Command Activated Sonobuoy System) is much better. You can select the operating depth, going as far as 1,500 ft. A passive SSQ-53 DIFAR buoy operating in narrow band (LOFAR, integrating within discreet frequencies across all directions). It looks for things like machinery noises, pumps, enginse, gear boxes and can detect a snorting diesel sub at exceptional ranges - especially if it was an older Commie boat with the diesels driving the shafts directly. The DIFAR buoy is also able to provide the direction of the sound source (although the receiving beam is quite wide; ie. it integrates within discrete frequencies within the direction of the receiving beam). Two DIFARs can provide a target cross bearing to isolate a smaller area in which to search using active sonobuoys or MAD to pinpoint the target. A vertical line array (VLA - not to be confused with VL ASROC!) DIFAR buoy (SSQ-77) would be able to beam form in the vertical and focus only on the direction the sound beam is coming from - ie. it can be reflected from the bottom (Bottom Bounce) or refracted from the surface or deeper water (Convergence Zone). This would enable the sonobuoy to better track the sound source even in a noisy environment. These passive buoys can also operate in broad-band mode (CODAR). Two buoys can form a baseline from which to derive a target bearing from the difference in time of arrive of the noise (integrating across all frequencies in one direction). This technique looks for sound sources like flow noise. The ultimate broad band passive sonobuoy has to be the Australian SSQ-801 Barra. It has many hydrophones places on 5 extending arms that unfold to form a star shaped array. With this array, Barra can form very narrow beams with which to passively track targets very precisely. It is claimed that cross bearings from two Barras are accurate enough to allow for homing torpedo drop on the target. Special signal processors are needed to process signals from the Barra. Only a small number of USN P-3C (Special Operations) were equipped with them. As for the complex sonar operating environment in the littorals, the USN has made very significant strides in research on sound behavior and signal processing in this area. There are some exotic solutions that are quite amazing. As for the ROCN, having the Ta Kuan sonar research ship (based on the NATO Alliance) is going to make a great difference by enabling existing systems to operate much more effectively. Knowing the operating environment is key to ASW success. Having systems like STOPPS, AIMS (on the Knoxes) and SIMAS (on the PFG-2 and the Kidds) to provide sonar performance prediction based on the operating environmental is going to greatly improve performance of exisitng equipment. So, do not under-estimate the ROCN ASW community, they know what they are doing (and have many audiotapes to prove it!!) |
Luke-Skywalker ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/25 12:30 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
dasha ³o¬O§Ú©Ò¼ôÃѪººô¤Í¡A©Ò´£ªººc·Q........ |
Agent Toganator ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/25 13:02 | |
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¡ô§Ú«Ü¦n©_¡A³o¼Ë³]p¤UªºÁn¯Ç¯B¼Ð¡A¤@Ó¬ù»Ý¦h¤Ö°Ò¥§¡H¡H¡H¨ä«ùÄò¤O¯à§_À±¸É¨ä¤W´ªº³y»ù¡H¡H |
¥ì¶³ ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/25 13:41 | |
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¼¯º¸©w²z«Â¯àªü¡ã¡ã¡ã¡ã¡ã¡ã¡ã¡ã¡ã ¦b¤µ¤Ñ¼Æ¸ôÃþ¤ñÂà´«¾¹+µL½u¹qµo®g±µ¦¬¾¹½â¨ì¥i¥H¤H¤â¤@¾÷¡A¸jªù¸¹¤£¥Î¿ú¦Ó¥B¸Ì±ÁÙ¤º«Ø¤p¹CÀ¸ªº®É¥N¡A¦³¨ÇªF¦èªº»ù®æ©M¹L¥h¬Û¤ñ¡AÅý¤Hı±o¹L¥hªº»s³y°Ó¦³·m§Tªº¶ûºÃ ¦pªGÁn¯Ç¯B¼Ðªº«H¸¹³B²z³¡¥÷°µ¦¨System on Chipªº¸Ü¡A»ù®æ¥i¯à¤£·|¤ñ±¼¦b¸ôÃä³£¨S¤H·Q¾ßªº¤â¾÷ÁÙ¶Q |
³·· ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/25 13:44 | |
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Supp ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/25 13:53 | |
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Supp ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/25 15:36 | |
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dasha ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/25 21:09 | |
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Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/26 00:29 | |
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Supp ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/26 00:43 | |
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Supp ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/26 01:16 | |
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¡@¡@¡u¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô¡v¡AÓ¤H·Pı¥®É´Nn«Ü¿n·¥¡A¥un´±¶]¨ì§ÚÌ®a¨Óªº¡Aµo²{¤@³¡´N®_±þ¥¦¤@³¡¡]¼Ò±¼¤F¡^¡A¦b¶q¤W´N¥i¥H¦³®Äªýꥦªº¦¨ªø¡A¾Ô®Én¨¾½dªº¶q¤]´N¥i´î¨ì³Ì¤Ö¡A¤Ï¥¿¸®°e¦b¤ô©³¤U¡A¤S¬°±¤l¤Ï¥¿¬Ý¤£¨ì¤]³£¤£©Ó»{¡Aªí±¤W¤]´N¨S¨Æ¤F¡I¡]n¥´µuµh¤£¦pªøµh¡AÓ¤HªºÆ[·P¤£n²§Ä³¡C¡^ |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/26 02:26 | |
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Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/26 02:37 | |
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dasha ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/26 07:35 | |
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Supp ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/26 22:31 | |
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dasha ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/27 07:50 | |
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Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/28 12:16 | |
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>>¼ç¸¥°l³vÄ¥(SC) ÄY®æÁ¿°_¨Ó³o¦³¨âºØ¡APatrol/Submarine Chasers (PC) °êx®üx½sÃþ¬°¡uÅX¼çÄ¥¡v©w¦W¡u¦¿¦r¯Å¡v¡A¦¹¯ÅÄ¥°Ñ¥[¦h¦¸¥x®ü¾Ô§Ð¡A¥ß¦³¥\³Ò¦ý¤]¾Ô·lºG«¡C ¥t¥~¤@ºØ½s¬°SCªº¤]¬OSubmarine Chasers¡A¨ä¹ê¬O¤£¨ì¦Ê¾·ªº®ü©¤ÅX¼ç¡u¸¥¡v¡C ¤G¾Ô´Á¶¡³Ì¦³®Äªº¤Ï¼çÅ@¯è¤£¬O³o¨ÇDD©ÎDE¡A¦Ó¬OCVEÅ@½Ã¯èªÅ¥ÀÄ¥¡A¤W±ªº´_¤³ªÌÅF¬µ¾÷·f¸ü²`¤ô¬µ¼u¥ÑªÅ¤¤·j¯Áĵ§Ù¡A¨Ï±o¼w°êU Boat§ë¹«§Ò¾¹¡AµLªk¦A¥H¾Ôª§«e¥b´Áªº¯T¸s¾Ô³N¥ñŧ²î¹Î¡C |
®ÇÆ[ªÌ2 ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/29 00:20 | |
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>>¤G¾Ô´Á¶¡³Ì¦³®Äªº¤Ï¼çÅ@¯è¤£¬O³o¨ÇDD©ÎDE¡A¦Ó¬OCVEÅ@½Ã¯èªÅ¥ÀÄ¥¡A¤W±ªº´_¤³ªÌÅF¬µ¾÷·f¸ü²`¤ô>>¬µ¼u¥ÑªÅ¤¤·j¯Áĵ§Ù¡A¨Ï±o¼w°êU Boat§ë¹«§Ò¾¹¡AµLªk¦A¥H¾Ôª§«e¥b´Áªº¯T¸s¾Ô³N¥ñŧ²î¹Î¡C U-Boat ¤j³¡¤À®É¶¡ÁÙ¬O±o°±¦b¤ô± ´Nºâ¥Î´µ¿Õ§JºÞ ³t«×¨ü ±Æ·Ï»·»·¤]¥i¥H¬Ý¨£ ¶¶«K°Ý¦U¦ìÓ°ÝÃD ¨ì©³¤Ï¼ç¾÷¤WªººÏ³õ°»´ú¾¹½d³ò¦³¦h¤j ¤°»ò®ÉÔ¶}©l¥Îªº |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/29 02:54 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
>¶¶«K°Ý¦U¦ìÓ°ÝÃD ¨ì©³¤Ï¼ç¾÷¤WªººÏ³õ°»´ú¾¹½d³ò¦³¦h¤j ¤°»ò®ÉÔ¶}©l¥Îªº >¥H«eÅ¥§O¤H»¡¥u¦³¦b³q¹L¼ç¸¥¤W¤èªþªñ¤~°»´úªº¨ì MADªº¦³®Ä±´´ú¶ZÂ÷¤j¬ù200-500¦Ì¥ª¥k¡M¤j·§¬O¥Î¨ä¥¦¤èªk¤wª¾¼çÄ¥¤jP¦ì¸m®É¤~ |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/29 03:00 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
«OÅ@ºô(SCREENS) ¦b®üx³N»y¤W¡M«OÅ@ºôªº©w¸q¬O¤@Өƥý©w¤UªºÄ¥¶¤²Õ´(¤]±`©M¸¾÷¤@°_)¡M¥Î¨Ó ±µÄ²¯Å§O(CONTACT CLASSIFICATIONS) ¦b¤G¾Ô´Á¶¡¡M°£¤F¥Øµø±µÄ²¥~¡M¼Ä¤è¼çÄ¥¤]¥i¥ÎÁn¯Ç©Î¹p¹F°»´ú±µÄ²¨ì¡C³o¤TºØ¤è (1)CERTSUB (certain submarine) -- ±µÄ²¤w³Q¬Ý¨ì¡M¦Ó¥B½T»{¬°¼çÄ¥¡C B¡C °ª¥i«H«×(High Confidence) ¡R ®Ú¾Ú²{¦³±¡³ø¥i¥H¬Û«H¬O¼çÄ¥ªº±µÄ²¡M¦ý©| |
³·· ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/29 03:31 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
>>¦³®ÉªÅ¤¤·j¯Á¥u¬O°µÓ¼Ë¤l ª¾¹DU Boat¦³¦h¤Ö¿´¬O·l¥¢¦bªÅ¤¤§ðÀ»¡H >>¼w°êª¾¹DENIGMA³Q¯} ¯}¸ÑENIGMA³Ì¤j°^Äm®Ú¥»¤£¬O¦b©ó¡u¼ç¸¥¦ì¸m³QºNªº¤@²M¤G·¡¡v¡C¼wxªº¯T¸s¾Ô³N¬O¤@¿´U-Boatµo²{·ùx²î¹Î®É¥HENIGMA¦^³ø³qª¾¨ä¥LU-Boat¦b¯è½u¥ñÀ»¡AENIGMA¯}¸Ñ«á¡A·ùx²î¹Î´N¯àÀH®É§ïÅܯè½u¦³®Ä¸úÁ×U-Boat¡A¦Ü©ó¯à°÷¼Ð©wU-Boatªº¦ì¸m¤]¥u¬OÁA¸Ñ¨ä¦b¨ºÓ°Ï°ì³]¥ñ¡A¯í¯í¤j®ü¤WÁÙ¬On¾a¤Ï¼ç¾÷Ä¥¹L¥h·j¯ÁÂy±þ¡C |
³·· ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/29 03:41 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
¤p§Ì¦bNO:299_42ªº¥Îµü¥i¯à¦³©Ò»~¾É¡AÀ³¸Ó»¡¡u¤G¾Ô´Á¶¡³Ì¦³®Äªº¤Ï¼çÄ¥°¦¡v¡A¡u¤£¬O³o¨ÇDD©ÎDE¦Ó¬OCVEÅ@½Ã¯èªÅ¥ÀÄ¥¡v¡A·í®É¬ü®üx½s²Õ¦¨¼ÆÓ¥HCVE¬°¥DÅ骺¤p«¬¯S»ºÄ¥¶¤¡A´N¬O±M¾Ây±þU-Boat¤u§@¡C |
®ÇÆ[ªÌ2 ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/29 06:05 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
>>¼wxªº¯T¸s¾Ô³N¬O¤@¿´U-Boatµo²{·ùx²î¹Î®É¥HENIGMA¦^³ø³qª¾¨ä¥LU-Boat¦b¯è½u¥ñÀ» ¤p§ÌÁ¿ªº¥¿¬O³oÓ ¥ñÀ»°Ï³Q¯}¸Ñ¨î¬O¯T¸s¾Ôªk³Q¢ªº³Ì¥Dnì¦] |
fer-de-lance ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/29 07:02 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
ULTRA decrypts helped a great deal but German use of HF radio to send long transmissions to headquarters allowed Allied HF/DF stations to isolate their positions. Shore based stations gave cross-bearings for Allied units to start their search of the U-boat within a smaller area of uncertainty. Some Allied ships also had HF/DF systems onboard to intercept and direction find at sea. All of the components of the system had to work together to produce success. The Tenth Fleet HQ collated the info from ULTRA, HF/DF, plotted the U-boat positions and coordinated ASW units to run down the contacts. Along with the VLR patrol planes (PB4Y-1 Privateers and the RAF Coastal COmmand Liberators) and the Hunter-Killer Groups (HUK) consisting of a CVE screened by DEs were the most effective. |
dasha ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/29 11:11 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
MAD¬O¤Ï¼ç¾÷¤W¤£»Ýn¥á±¼ªº©T©w¦¡·j¯Á¸Ë³Æ,Án¯Ç¯B¼Ð¬O®ø¯Ó©Êªº,±a¥X¥hn¬ÙµÛ¥Î¥H§K¤£°÷,MAD¨S³o°ÝÃD,©Ò¥H¬O¼s°ì·j¯Á¥Îªº,µ¥µo²{¤F©_©ÇªºªF¦è¤~¥áÁn¼Ð©Î²`¤ô¬µ¼u±´±´¬Ý,¹ê»Ú¤W¬O²Ä¤@¨B¥Îªº³]³Æ.³oºØªF¦èªº©w¦ìºë½T«×¤Ó®t. |
fer-de-lance ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/29 12:04 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
MAD is very limited in range and width of coverage. Might be suitable for searching a narrow area such as a channel (or the Gibraltar Straits in the classic case of the WWII MADCAT - PBY with early MAD gear). Nowadays, low frequency LOFAR or DIFAR buoys are laid in patterns for wide area search. These buoys give you detection ranges in the order of tens of km. |
dasha ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/29 12:20 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
MAD¥u¸Ë¦b¸¾÷¤W´N¬O¦]¬°¸¾÷¸±o§Ö,ÁöµM¦³®Ä°»´ú¶ZÂ÷¤£¹L´X¦Ê¤½¤Ø,¦ý¬O¤@¤p®É¥i¥H¸¦n´X¦Ê¤½¨½,¦Ó¥B¤£¹³Án¯Ç·|¨ü¨ì¤ô¤UÁnªiÅs¦±ªº¼vÅT¦Ó¦³ªøµ{°»´ú¤è¦ìªºÄY«¤£½T©w©Ê,©Ò¥H©wÁl¤Ï¼ç¾÷¤~¥ÎMAD§@¬°¼s°ì·j¯Á¥Î.©T©w¦¡ªººÏ¤O°»´ú³]³Æ¥u¦³¥Î¦b¤ô¹p¤W,¦]¬°¨ä¦³®Ä¶ZÂ÷³s¨¾¦uªe¤f³£¤£°÷¥Î. - ¤W±³o¨Ç¤£¥Î²q´ú¤F,¤p§Ì¥H«e¼v¦L¤F¤@¥»®Ñ¦³¼g,°O±oflak¥S¤]¦³¶R? |
¿ß¿ß ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/29 19:48 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
Y§Ú¨S¦³°O¿ù¡A¬O¥ý§ë¤U³Q°ÊÁn¯Ç¯B¼Ð¡Aµo²{¥Ø¼Ðµ·½«á¡A¦A§ë¤U¥D°Ê¦¡Án¯Ç¯B¼Ð¥h´ú©w¥Ø¼Ð¤è¦ì¡A³Ì«á§C¸¥ÎMAD½T©w¥Ø¼Ð¦ì¸m«á¡A§ë¤U·Ï¼Ð¼Ð©w¦ì¸m¡A¤~§ë¤U¤Ï¼ç³½¹p... n¥ÎMAD¡A¸¾÷n«O«ù§CªÅ¡]<500ft¡^¸¦æ¡A¯Óªo¶q©M¾÷²Õ¯h³Ò¤Q¤À¥iÆ[©O¡I |
Type 45 ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/29 20:18 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
>«OÅ@ºô(SCREENS) ¥i¥H¸ÑÄÀ¤@¤U¬O«ç¼Ë±Æªº¶Ü¡H |
dasha ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/29 20:47 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
°ò¥»¤W,¤Ï¼ç¾÷¶i¤J§@·~°Ï«á´N¬O«O«ù§C¸,¸¦æû±`±`·|¥u¸¤@¨â¦Ê§`,³o¤£¶È¬O¨Ï¥ÎMAD¤è«K,¥áÁn¯Ç¯B¼Ð¤]¤ñ¸û¦w¥þ.½T©w¦ì¸m?¦³®Ä°»´ú¶ZÂ÷¤¦Ê¤½¤Ø¥Ø¼Ð¸ÑªR«×«o¬O¥|¦Ê¤½¤Øªºª±·N©w¦ì¯à¨ìþºØµ{«×?ºÏ´úªº¥Ø¼Ð¸ÑªR¯à¤O¥u¤ñ«¤OÆ[´ú¦n¤@ÂIÂI,¦ý¬O¥i¥H§Y®É¤ÏÀ³,¤ñÁn¯Ç¤Ö¤F³B²z®É¶¡.¥u¦³¦b¤ô¤åª¬ªp¤£©úªº°Ï°ì,ºÏ´ú¥i¥H´£¨Ñ¤ñÁn¯Ç§ó©ú½Tªº¥Ø¼Ð¦ì¸m¸ê°T.¤£¹L¦pªG¬O§Ú°ê®üx,¨º½T¹ê¬O¨ì³B³£¤£²M·¡¤ô¤åª¬ªp...... ¬°¦ó¿ï¾Ü¤Ï¼ç¾÷®Én«µø¸¾÷ªº§CªÅ¸¦æ¯à¤O,´N¬O¦]¬°¤Ï¼ç¾÷¦b¥Ø¼Ð°Ï§@·~§CªÅ¸¦æªº®É¶¡¤Óªø¤F. |
fer-de-lance ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/30 05:07 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
The first thing you do when you need to know the sonar operating conditions is to drop a bathythermal buoy like the SSQ-36B. Dasha, why are you so sure the ROCN is deficient in knowledge of the sonar operating conditions in their operating area? Why the heck do you think they spent the extra money to buy AIMS, STOPPS (for the Knoxes) and the Ta Kuan sonar research ship? There are some very capable and knowledgeable ASW experts in the ROCN. I reiterate, MAD is not a viable area search tool unless you are talking about a narrow area. |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/30 06:20 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
¦L¶H¤¤¡M¤Ï¼ç¥ô°È¦n¹³¬O¤£¤[¤§«e¤~±qªÅxÂ൹®üx¡M¤]³\¦]¬°«e«áµ{§Ç¤£¦P¡M¦]¦Ó ¤j®a¹ïMADªº¹B¥Î¤F¸Ñ¦³¨Ç®t²§¡S (^++++^) §Úªº¤F¸Ñ¬O¡MMAD¥Ñ©ó¦³®Ä°»´ú¶ZÂ÷¤p¡M¥Î¦b¼s°ì·j¯Á¦ü¥G¨S¦³¤°»ò¹D²z¡C¼s°ì·j¯Á Dasha¥Sªº·N«ä¡M§Ú·Q¬O¤Ï¼ç¾÷¤W MAD¤Ï¥¿¤@ª½¶}µÛ¡MÀHµÛ¸¾÷§@¤j½d³ò¸¦æ¡M©Ò¥H fer-de-lance¡RIve got a question for you. Is it correct to say that the Type-45¥S¡R¦³ÂI½ÆÂø¡M§Ú©|¥¼§ä¨ì¦nªº¹Ï¥Ü¡M¦p¦³®É¦APO¤Wºô§}¡C |
dasha ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/30 06:47 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
Pinus¥S»¡¤¤¤F¤p§Ìªº·N«ä.MAD¤£¥u¬O°»´ú¶ZÂ÷¤p,¦Ó¥B¨â¦¸¨ú¼ËÂI¤§¶¡ªº¶ZÂ÷«Ü¤j,¹ïP-3³oºØ³t«×ªº¸¾÷¨Ó»¡¨â¦¸¨ú¼ËÂIªº¶ZÂ÷´N¬O³Ì¤j°»´ú¶ZÂ÷,©Ò¥H¥Î¨Óºë±K©w¦ì«Ü¤£¦X¾A,ª½±µÁn¯Ç±µÄ²¤ñ¸û·Ç½T.¦Ó¥i±ó¦¡Án¯Ç¯B¼Ðªº¦³®Ä°»´ú¶ZÂ÷¤£¹L¬OMAD2ªº¤G¨ì¥|¿,¤S¤£¹³MAD¥i¥H¸òµÛ¸¾÷¶],§ó¤£¾A¦X¼s°ì·j¯Á.¦b±`¥Î©I§lºÞªº®É¥N,¹p¹F»P¥ú¹q³]³Æ¬O³Ì¦nªº¼s°ì·j¯Á¤u¨ã,²{¦bªº¸Ü,MAD¦Ü¤Ö¤£¹³Án¯Ç¯B¼Ð¦³Äâ±a¼Æ¶q¤Wªº°ÝÃD,¤£¬O¦b«E»Ý«OÅ@ªº¯è½u¤W,¶Ã¥áÁn¯Ç¯B¼Ð«OÃÒ°¨¤W¦^®a,MADÁÙ¥i¥H¼µ. ¦Ü©ó§Ú̹ï©ó¦Û¤v¤ô¤åÀô¹Ò¤F¸Ñªºµ{«×¦p¦ó,¤p§Ì¬ã¨s©Ò®ÉÁöµM¤£¬O°á®ü¬vÁn¾Ç,¦ý¦P¾Ç³£¬O¼g³o¨Ç½×¤å,©Ò¥H¤j·§¤]ª¾¹D¥Ļ@¤Fþ¨ÇªF¦è.®ü´ú§½¨º´N¤£¥Î»¡¤F,¤@°ï³]³Æªº³B²z¤Hû³£¦bºë¹ê®×´Nµô±¼¤F,®üx¤ºªFÅ¥¦èÅ¥¤]¥i¥Hª¾¹D§Ú̦ۤvªº¤ô¤å»PÁn¾Ç¶i®i¨ìþÓµ{«×,§ó¦óªp³ÌªñÁÙ¦³«Ü¦h±µÄ²...... ÁÙ¦³,¤j®a»{¬°¤ô¤å¸ê®Æ¬Oþ¨Ç?¤ô²`»P®ü©³¦a§Î¤j®aª¾¹D±o«Ü¸Ô²Ó,¥i¬O¤£¦P²`«×ªº·Å«×ÆQ«×»P®ü¬y©u¸`©Ê¬Æ¦Ü¬O¤éÅܤƤ~¬OÁnªi¶Ç»¼¬ã¨s¤ñ¸û»ÝnªºªF¦è,³o¤è±¦bªF¨È¤j®a§@±o«Ü¤Ö.®üx©x®Õ¦³Ó¦Ñ®v·Q°µ®ü¬v¼Ò¦¡·d³o¨ÇªF¦è,¤£¹L¥Lªº¼Ò¦¡ÁÙ¦³±o§ï.¤p§Ì¦Û¤v¬O¤Ñ¤Ñ¬Ý»P¤Ñ¤Ñ¥Î´XÓ¤j°êªº¤j®ð©Î¬O®ü¬v¼ÆÈ¼Ò¦¡ªº¤H,¹ï³oºØªF¦è¦Ñ¹ê»¡¨Ã¤£«H¥ô,¦]¬°¥un·Ó§Û§A¦b²Ä¤G¤Ñªº®ð®ü¶H¹w³øÀ˰Q·|¤@©w¬Oº¡ÀY¥]...... - ±`±`¬Ý¬üx¦b¤j®ð»P®ü¬v¤W¬ã¨sÀ³¥Îªº¦¨ªG,¯uªº¥u·|Åý¦Û¤v¦Û¨õ...... - ¦³¨ÇªF¦èµ¥¤p§Ì°h¥î«á,§äÓ·¦ªLª©»Eªº¾÷·|¥i¥H¤¬¬Û¥æ¬y¤@¤U...... |
fer-de-lance ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/30 13:15 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
No, the sonobuoys that some sneaky frigate captains order tossed over the side (to order out for pizza) are the same A-sized buoys deployed from aircraft and helos. If you have a sonobuoy signal processor like the SQR-17 (and, of course, a sonobuoy signal receiver) onboard, you can monitor the buoys as long as you are within radio range of the buoys. Must remember that the old SQR-17 can only process a limited number of LOFAR channels - actually, embarrassingly few (and it takes two channels to do CARDIOD beamforming for a DIFAR buoy). Any second-hand P-3C the ROCN is likely to get have the UYS-1 and will be able to monitor many more buoys at the same time. DRS and BBN have both demonstrated COTS sonar signal processors. DRS has a console with Pentium processors and PCI bus. BBN even made a dual Pentium-based system in a SAIC portable computer - processed 64 channels at the same time - frightening. They are the people behind using lots of SSQ-110 buoys to do multi-static explosive echo ranging to hunt quiet SSKs in littoral waters. |
Supp ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/30 17:16 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
½Ð±Ð¤@¤U¡A¬ü°ê¬F©²¦³ÓNOAA¡A¦Ó¬ü°ê®üx¬O§_¦³¤@¯S©wªº¾÷ºc¨Ó¬ã¨s¡AÁÙ¬O¨ºÓUnderwater Warfare³¡ªù? ¦Ó§Ú°ê®üx´N¬O®ü´ú§½¶Ü? ¨º¤¤¬ìªº¸U¶HÀ]¦³ºÞ¨ì¤ô¤å¥h¶Ü? |
Supp ¡@©ó¡@2004/08/30 17:29 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
¦A½Ð±Ð¥t¥~´XÓ°ÝÃD¡A¤@¯ëÁn¯Ç¯B¼Ð±ÄVHF¤Ñ½u¡A¥ÎFMªº¤è¦¡¶Ç¦^°T¸¹¡A³o¨ÇµL½u¹qªiÀ³¸Ó¤£±j¡A¬O§_¥i¥H°µ¥t¥~¤@ºØµL½u¹q¯B¼Ð¡A±µ¦¬Án¯Ç¯B¼ÐFM«H¸¹«á¡A«§ï¶Ç°e¥X¥hÂZ¶Ã±µ¦¬¥¥x¡C¸U¤@¼çÄ¥µo²{ª½ª@¾÷©Î¤Ï¼ç¾÷Á{ªÅ¡A¥i¥HÄÀ©ñ³oºØµL½u¹q¯B¼Ð¥[¥H¤Ï¨î¡C ¤@¯ëÁn¯Ç¯B¼Ð¦³¨S¦³GPS¨t²Î¡A¨ä©w¦ì¬O§_¥Ñ§ëÂY¤§¤Ï¼ç¥¥x°O¿ý¡Cfer-de-lance¥S´£¨ì¥Îexplosiveªº¤è¦¡¦bªñ©¤³BÂy±þSSK¡A©wÁl¤Ï¼ç¾÷¬O§_¤]¥i¥H§Q¥Î¤p«¬ªºGPSÃz¼u¡A¨ú¥N¥D°ÊÁn¯Ç¯B¼Ð©Î¨I®û¥D°ÊÁn¯Ç©O? |
dasha ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/03 21:14 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
¬ü°êx¤èt³d®ü¬vªº¾÷ºc«Ü¦h,¬ü°ê®üx¤Ñ®ð»P®ü¬v¥q¥O³¡CNMOC¬O¤jÀY,¤£¹L¨ä¥L§@»»´ú§@¼ÆÈ¼Ò¦¡ªº¾÷ºcÁÙ¦³¤@¤j°ï.§Ú°êªº¸Ü,¥Ø«e¥u¦³¸ê®Æ¦s©ñ³æ¦ì...... Án¯Ç°»´ú¶ZÂ÷ªº°ÝÃD´N«Ü½ÆÂø¤F,·d¦UºØ»»´úªº¤H³£ª¾¹D¼s§i¤Wx¥Î»»´ú³]³Æªº¦³®Ä°»´ú¶ZÂ÷³£¦³Äé¤ô,¨ä¤¤Äé¤ô³ÌÄY«ªº´N¬OÁn¯Ç. ¤ô¤¤ª½½u¶Ç¼½ªºÁnªi,²{¦b³Ì¦nªº³]³Æ»P§@·~û,°t¤W³Ì§nªº¼çÄ¥,¬ü°ê®üx¹ï¥~¤½¶}»¡ªk¬O¯àÅ¥¨ìªº¶ZÂ÷¤K¤d½X¥´¦º,§Ú°êÁÙn¥´§é.¶W¹L³o¶ZÂ÷ªºÁnµ,³£¬O§Q¥Î¼h¦¸¶¡¥H¤Î¸ó¼h¦¸ªºµÅT¶Ç¼½,¦]¬°³oºØ¶Ç¼½·|²£¥Í¶×µ¤§Ãþªº®ÄªG,´î§CÁnªi±j«×ªº°I´î,¦ý¬O¹ï¤ô¤å±ø¥ó¬ã¨s»P¤F¸Ñ¤£¨¬ªº°ê®a,´X¥G³£µLªk§Q¥Î³oºØÅ¥µ¼Ò¦¡§ä¥X¥Ø¼Ð,¦]¬°¥L̵Lªkµû¦ôÅ¥¨ìªºÁnµ¬O«ç»ò¶Ç¨ì¦Û¤v¦Õ¤¤. ¦Ó¥B¥u¦³¦b¯S®í¸ô®|¤WªºÁnÅT,¤~¯à³z¹L³o¨Ç§é®g¤Ï®gªº¸ô®|¶Ç¨ì²î¤W,©Ò¥H§Y¨Ï¬O¸¹ºÙ¯àÅ¥´X¤Q®ü¯@ªº¥v´¶¾|®¦´µ,¨ä¹ê¹ï¶W¹L¥|®ü¯@ªº¥Ø¼Ð,¤]¥u¯à¦b¯S®íª¬ªp¤UºIÀò.¹p¹F¹ïªÅ¦³®Ä·j¯Á½d³ò¬O®°«¬,Án¯Ç¤ô¤U¦³®ÄÅ¥µ½d³ò«o¹³Ó¯}¸J,¤¤¶¡¤@°ïªÅ¥Õ.°¾°¾¼s§i³£¬O®³¯}¸JÃä½tªº¶ZÂ÷¨Ó¥´......¦b³oºØ±¡ªp¤U,¸¹ºÙÁn¯Ç¯B¼ÐÅ¥µ¶ZÂ÷»P¬Y¨Ç³]³Æ¤@¼Ë»·,¯u¥¿ªº·N¸q¨ä¹ê¬O¤@¼Ëªñ. ·íµM,Án¯Ç¯B¼Ðªº®ÄªGÁÙ¬O¤£¿ù,«Ü¦h¾Ç³N¾÷ºc»P«Ü¦h½×¤å³£¬O¾aÁn¯Ç¯B¼Ð°µ¥X¨Óªº,¤p§Ì¦³¤@ӾǪøªº½×¤å¦n¹³¥u¯Ó¤F¤£¨ì¤@¥´Án¯Ç¯B¼Ð,¤£¹L°T¸¹³B²z·íµM¬O¥t¥~¤@®MªF¦è,¤Ï¼ç³æ¦ì¥i¤£¯àµ¥¨â¦~ºCºC¤ÀªR³B²z¥Ø¼Ð......©Ò¥H¤~·|¦³©ì¦²°}¦CÁn¯Ç³o¨Çª±·N. ÁöµMMADªº¦³®Ä°»´ú¶ZÂ÷¤£¹L´X¦Ê½X,ÁÙ¬O¤ñÁn¯Ç¯B¼Ðµu,¦ý¬OÁn¯Ç¯B¼Ð¥á¤@¦¸´N¬O¤»¨ì¤KªT,¤Ï¼ç¾÷¤W±aªº¤@¤U´N¥á§¹,³q±`°µªkÁÙ¬O¯à¬Ù«h¬Ù. ¤S,¥H³o¨âÓªF¦èªº¦³®Ä°»´ú¶ZÂ÷¨Ó»¡,¦A¯¶ªº®ü®l¤]¤£¯à¥Î³o¨âºØ³]³Æ¨¾Å@. - ¦Ü©ó§Ú°ê®üx¯àÅ¥¨ì¦h»·?¤Ï¥¿¤£·|¶W¹LASROCªº®gµ{...... |
dasha ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/03 21:21 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
¤µ¤Ñ¦³ªÅ¦bºô©@ª±,¤ô°ê¤S¤£ª¾«ç¦a³s¤£¤W¥h......¦h´£¤@ÂI§a! VLF¼çÄ¥³q«H³]³Æ³q±`·|Â\¦b¤ñ¸û¤º³°ªº¦a¤è,n¥´ÁÙ¤£®e©ö. ¦Ü©ó§CÀWÁn¯Ç¥Î¦b¥xÆWªF°¼»·¬v°»´ú¬O«Ü¦n¥ÎªºªF¦è,¦ý¬OªF¥_»P¦è«n°¼²`®ü¨ì²L®ü°Ï´N¤£¤@©w¦n¥Î¤F,³oÂIˬO¦³¨â¬£¬Ýªkªº. |
fer-de-lance ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/13 06:03 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
>¦Ü©ó§Ú°ê®üx¯àÅ¥¨ì¦h»·?¤Ï¥¿¤£·|¶W¹LASROCªº®gµ{...... ASROC was designed to match the 10,000 yards reliable direct path range of the SQS-23. The SQR-18A(V)1 is capable of detection out ot one convergence zone. In the days of brute force and analog operations, 3.5 kHz systems like SQS-26 suffer from interference from reverberations etc. in shallow water operations. With more advanced signal processing, there has been tremendous advances in the ability of sonar systems operating at these frequencies to detect and track subs in the littoral environment. Much of the USN research is now concentrated on the USN SQQ-89(V)15 is designed to optimize shallow water ASW performance. |
dasha ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/13 07:39 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
convergence zone«Ü¦h¤Hª¾¹D,¦ý¬O¥x®üªþªñ¦U°Ïªºconvergence zone¦p¦ó¤À§G?I´º¾¸µª¬ªp¦p¦ó?¤£n§â¥þ²y³£·í¦¨¥_¤j¦è¬v.Âø»x¤Wªº²z½×¼ÆÈ¤j³¡¤À¬O¬ü°êªFÃä¥_¤j¦è¬vªº¼ÆÈ. |
³·· ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/13 08:45 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
©êºp´¡¼L¤@¤U¡G ª©¤W¤j®a¸g±`¡u«e½ú¡vªFªº¡A¡u«e½ú¡v¦èªº«È®M¸Ü¡A¦ý¤p§Ì¤£±o¤£¥X¨Ó»¡Mr. fer-de-lance´N¯uªº¬O³f¯u»ù¹êªº¡u«e½ú¡v¡C¤G¤Q´X¦~«e¬YÂø»xè¯ó³Ð®É¡AMr. fer-de-lance´N¤w¸g¬O¸ÓÂø»xªº¦b¬ü¯S¬ù±Ä³X¤Î§@ªÌ¡A¦³³\¦h¤j§@¡A¹ï°ê¤º¤£ºÞ¬O±M·~©Î·~¾lªºx¨Æ¬ã¨s¦³«Ü¤jªº±Ò»X°^Äm¡C ¦³¨Ç¨Æ±¡¬O¹ê¦b«ÜÃøª½±µÂI¯}¡A¦ý¬Ý¨ì³o±¡§Î¡A´Nºâ¤p§Ì§Ô¤£¦í¤j¼L¤Ú§a¡A½Ð¨£½Ì |
fer-de-lance ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/13 11:46 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
>¤£n§â¥þ²y³£·í¦¨¥_¤j¦è¬v.Âø»x¤Wªº²z½×¼ÆÈ¤j³¡¤À¬O¬ü°êªFÃä¥_¤j¦è¬vªº¼ÆÈ. Quite right. In the shallower Med you might only get 20k yards (or shorter) for one CZ. In the Pacific where the deep isothermal layer is shallower (500 fathoms) than in the North Atlantic (700 fathoms), sound rays get refracted back upwards earlier with a consequent effect on how far out the CZ forms. Obviously, the local bathythermal conditions would also have a big effect - not to mention where the sound source (ie. the sub) happens to be - depth-wise. STOPPS and AIMS are cool but the USN is working on continuous monitoring of sonar operating conditions. With that, no doubt, they would be able to optimize performance at all times. Might also mean that they could squeeze out come amazing performance, taking advantage of transient phenomena such as ducting within a shallow sound channel that can occur in the North Pacific. >convergence zone«Ü¦h¤Hª¾¹D,¦ý¬O¥x®üªþªñ¦U°Ïªºconvergence zone¦p¦ó¤À§G? Obviously, you would not achieve CZ ranges if it is not deep enough. Perhaps that is why the Knoxes are homeported in Suao? Plus all the current focus on research (eg. Ta Kuan, Kuroshio ... ocean fronts ...)
Isn t that why you have a long array with many hydrophones to form thirty-odd beams to get a higher directivity index and Figure of Merit? ³··: very kind of you to step in, but I think things are under control here ... Try not to let too many people know how Long-in-the-Tooth (ancient) I really am ... Next thing you know, I could be reminiscing about how it was ... like yesterday when my friend was telling me about the time he was OOD on the McCloy when her tail (SQR-15) snagged the propeller of a Victor ... or how we sent some poor industry rep to go look for von Karman Street in the city map during a UDT symposium in Europe ... heheheheheh. |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/18 13:58 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
>¦ý¤p§Ì¤£±o¤£¥X¨Ó»¡Mr. fer-de-lance´N¯uªº¬O³f¯u»ù¹êªº¡u«e½ú¡v¡C So you cant blame us for keeping digging (^_^). ¤G¾Ô®É´Á¡MÅX³vÄ¥¤W³]¦³¾Ô°«±¡³ø¤¤¤ß(Combat Information Center, CIC)¡M§âì¥ý
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fer-de-lance ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/20 12:28 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
Now, now Pinus, even old geeszers deserve some privacy ... The US Navy sonars in WWII had its search beam fixed in elevation. When charging at high speed towards the target - at some point (depending on how deep the sub is) - the sonar beam coverage would pass over the sub. That is why the contact is lost before the destroyer reaches the sub. Since the beam is at a fixed elevation (and this angle is known) - the time when the contact is lost is used to estimate the depth of the sub. This information is passed via phones from the sonar shack to the talkers assigned to the depth charge gangs so that the proper depth can be set on the charges. The Royal Navy came up with a Q attachment for their Type 147 Asdic in WWII that allowed scanning in elevation. Essentially, it gave the depth of the target quite accurately. This (along with a special chart recorder) was used to direct the most deadly shipboard ahead throwing ASW weapon in WWII; the SQUID. The SQUID was a mortar that threw three heavy (394lb), fast sinking (44 fps) charge ~270 yards ahead of the ship. The three charges form a triangle with 120ft sides with the depth settings provided by the Type 147Q. Wartime RN Castle class frigates carried SQUID while the Bay class frigates many post-WWII destroyers had twin SQUID with a total of 6 barrels. Twin SQUID fired all six charges with three charges set 60ft below the other to try and bracket the target within the two triangles (ie. cover for any errors in depth finding or target maneuvres). SQUID had a very high kill probability on WWII Type VII and Type IX U-boats. It was also considered the only effective weapon against the Type XXI fast submarine. It replaced hedgehog as well as conventional depth charges in the Royal Navy after WWII. |
®ÇÆ[ªÌ2 ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/20 13:49 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
®üÀs®üªêªº©j©fÄ¥ ²üÄõºX³½¯Å¦b±q²ü®üx°h§Ð¤§«á ¾ã׫á¥|³B©b¨«§ä¶R¥D ¬Æ¦Ü»·u¦L¥§ ¦Û±q¦L¥§¤è±¦b2003¦~¨M©w±Ä¥Îªk°ê·s¤@¥N®ã¼ç ¦Ü¤µ¤´§ä³¡¨ì¶R¥D ¼ç¸¥¥Ø«e¶}»ù¬°¨C³æ¿´¥|¤d¸U¬ü¤¸ ¦Ü©ó¥|¿´®ü¶H¯Å ²ü®üx¦ü¥G¤w¸g¥´ºâ¾ã׫áªA§Ð¦Ü2025¦~ |
®ÇÆ[ªÌ2 ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/20 14:21 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
>>®üÀs®üªêªº©j©fÄ¥ ²üÄõºX³½¯Å¦b±q²ü®üx°h§Ð¤§«á >>¾ã׫á¥|³B©b¨«§ä¶R¥D ¬Æ¦Ü»·u¦L¥§ ¦Û±q¦L¥§¤è±¦b2003¦~¨M©w±Ä¥Îªk°ê·s¤@¥N®ã¼ç >>¦Ü¤µ¤´§ä³¡¨ì¶R¥D ¼ç¸¥¥Ø«e¶}»ù¬°¨C³æ¿´¥|¤d¸U¬ü¤¸ ¤p§Ì¤@¦V¥D±i ´Nºâ¤K¿´·s¼ç¸¥¨S°ÝÃD ¦pªG¯àªº¸Ü»°§Ö¹ï³o¨â¿´¤U¤â ²Ä¤G ³æ»ù¤£¶Q ¥B¸g¹L¾ã× ²ü®üx¤w¸g§â³o¨â¿´½æµ¹RDM |
®ÇÆ[ªÌ2 ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/20 14:33 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
Âà¶K FROM http://www.dutchsubmarines.com/ 1 September 2004 - Expatica News AMSTERDAM ¡X A Dutch businessman ¡X once tipped by Pim Fortuyn as a potential minister in a populist government ¡X has claimed his now-struggling company was promised compensation to entice it to pull out of a controversial submarine deal. Senior Liberal VVD party figure Jozias van Aartsen has dismissed Joep van den Nieuwenhuyzens statement as nonsense. Finance Minister and VVD leader Gerrit Zalm has backed Van Aartsens denial. The compensation claim is the latest instalment in a major controversy surrounding Van den Nieuwenhuyzens Rotterdam firm RDM. Earlier this week, the director of Rotterdam Port, Willem Scholten, lost his job when it emerged he secretly agreed a EUR 100 million loan guarantee for the firm. Germanys Commerzbank and Britains Barclays Bank are now looking for the money to be repaid and there are fears Rotterdam Port might have to pick up the bill. It has been suggested, but not confirmed, that the loan was in connection to a deal to sell submarines to Taiwan. Van den Nieuwenhuyzen has claimed Van Aartsen ¡X who was the Dutch Foreign Minister from 1998 to 2002 ¡X promised the government would compensate RDM if it backed off from a controversial deal to supply the submarines to Taiwan. He said China had threatened to impose economic sanctions on the Netherlands if the deal went ahead. Following the Communist victory on the mainland in 1949, two million Chinese Nationalists fled to Taiwan and established a government using the 1946 constitution drawn up for all of China. China has considered Taiwan to be a breakaway province ever since and has threatened it will consider military action if Taiwan declares full independence. Beijing always raises objections to international sales of sophisticated weaponry to the island. Van Aartsens former ministerial spokesman has said that businessman Van den Nieuwenhuyzen wanted an export licence to sell submarines to Taiwan. When the minister refused, he demanded compensation and the minister again turned him down, the spokesman said. Dutch policy rules out selling weapons to Taiwan. Van Nieuwenhuyzen threatened to bring the designs for the submarines to the US and have Washington sell the submarines to Taiwan. Van Aartsen allegedly pointed out that the Dutch government was co-owner of the designs. In 2001, the US supplied several sophisticated weapons systems to Taiwan, including eight submarines. It is unclear if they were based on the Dutch submarine designs. Before his assassination in 2002, populist politician Pim Fortuyn was asked who he would consider for the Cabinet if his LPF party won the balance of power. He named Van den Nieuwenhuyzen |
2208 ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/20 17:34 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
This is ¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô!!! Â÷ÃD§R°£ ¥»½g¤º®e¸g½×¾ÂºÞ²z½sשó2004/09/20/17:46 |
great100 ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/20 21:16 | |
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°²¦p¸Ñ©ñx¹ï»OÆWªº¥~¬v³f½ü¹ê¬I§ðÀ»¡A»OÆW¦p¦ó±¹ï¡H ¦pªG¦b¥x®qªþªñ¥i¥H¥X°Ê¤Ï¼ç¸¾÷¡A¦ý¬O¤£¤@©w±Ïªº¤Î¡A¦pªG¬O»·Â÷¥x®q¡AÃø¹Dn¬£Ä¥¶¤Å@¯è¶Ü¡H |
³·· ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/21 02:52 | |
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¥ý½Ð°Ý¸Ñ©ñx¼çÄ¥¦b¥~¬v¤½®üµo²{°Ó²îªo½ü®É¯à¦³¿ìªk§P§O¨ä¬On¶}©¹¥xÆWªº¶Ü¡H§O§Ñ°O¥xÆW¦³¬Û·í¤j¼Æ¶qªº°Ó²îªo½ü¬Oµù¥U¦b¨ä¥L°ê®a¤£¬OÄÆ«C¤Ñ¥Õ¤é¬õºX¯è¦æ¡A¤¤°êY¤Ñ¤~¨ìn¬£¼çÄ¥¨ì»·Â÷¥xÆWªº¤½®ü¤WºIÀ»¯è½u¡A¨º¤@©wnª±¡uµL¨î¼ç¸¥¬Fµ¦¡v¤~¯à°÷¦³®Ä«ÊÂê¥xÆW¡A¨ì®ÉÔ©ñ¤ß¦n¤F¡A¨ä¥L°ê®a¦¤]¬£Ä¥¶¤Å@¯è¤F¡C |
ra ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/21 03:19 | |
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§Ú·Q¦b§Þ³N¤W¡A®£©È°£¤F¥X°Ê»·¬vÅ@¯èÅé¨î¤§¥~¡A¥u¯à¾a¯è綫©Ò¦b°ê²Õ´Å@¯è¶¤©M¥X°Ê¤Ï¼ç¯èªÅ§L±µ¤OÅ@°e³o麽¤@Ó¿ï¾Ü¡A²¦³º¼ç¸¥¦b»·¬v°õ¦æ¯}¥æ¥ô°È¦Û¥j¨ì¤µ³£¬OÓ¥»¤p§Q¤jªº¨Æ±¡¡A¨¾¿m¤è«ÜÃøÁ×§K³Q°Ê¡F¤£¹L±q¬Fªv©M¾Ô²¤¤W»¡¡A§Ú®Ú¥»¤£¬Û«H¤¤°ê·|³æ¯Âªº¨Ì¾a¡A©ÎªÌ±H¥H«Ü¤j§Æ±æªº¥Î³oºØ¾Ô³N¤â¬q¨Ó¶i¦æ¹ï»OÆWªºx¨Æ³ò§ð¡A®É¶¡ªº©ì©µ¬O¹ï©ó¤¤°êP©Rªº¿ù»~¡A¯}¥æ¾Ônµo´§¹ê¤O«o»Ýn¤j¶qªº®É¶¡¡]¯}¥æ¾Ôªº«e´£´N¬OÀ³¥Î¤_Á`Åé¾Ôªº¬[ºc¤U¡^¡A¦Ó¥B¦b¤Ó¥¬v³o麽¼sªxªº¦a°Ï¨Ï¥Î¼ç¸¥¹ïx¨Æ¥Ø¼Ð¹ê¬Iª½±µ¥´À»ªº§@¾Ô¤@³e¤ñ¦b¥ô¦ó±µªñ¤j³°¬[ªº¦a°Ïn§xÃø¡A®£©È¦b§Ö¸`«µ°ª±j«×ªº¨ãÅé¾Ô³õI´º¤U¡A³oºØ»·¬v§@¾Ôªº¼vÅT¤Oµo´§©M§Q¥În¨ü¨ì«Ü¤jªº¨î |
great100 ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/21 17:00 | |
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No.1 M. E. ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/21 18:30 | |
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>§Ú¤£¬O¬G·Nªº¡A§Ú¥Îªº¬O·L³n«÷µ¿é¤Jªk¡A¦ý¬O¥X¨Ó´N¬O¶Ã½X¡C §ÚÀ°±z½¥X¨Ó¤F¢w >®É¶¡ªº©ì©µ¬O¹ï©ó¤¤°êP©Rªº¿ù»~ ÁöµM¤¤°ê¤£§Æ±æ¥´¦¨«ù¤[¾Ô¡A¦ý¹ê»Ú¤W¥´¦¨«ù¤[¾Ô¬O¦³¥i¯àªº¡A¦pªG¯uªº³o¼Ë¡A¤¤°ê¤U¨M¤ß¥´µL¨î¤ô¸¥¾Ô¤]¤£¬O¤£¥i¯à¡AµM¤¤°ê¤]³\¤£·|¤@¶}©l´N³o¼Ë¡A¦ý¾Ôª§ªºµo®i«ÜÃø¹w®Æ¡C >¨ì®ÉÔ©ñ¤ß¦n¤F¡A¨ä¥L°ê®a¦¤]¬£Ä¥¶¤Å@¯è¤F¡C ¦pªG¤¤°ê¦b¾Ô®É¤§n¨D¦U°ê°±¤î¹ï¥x¶T©ö¡A¦U°ê·|¤£·|¬ÛÀ³¡H°£¤F¬ü°ê¤S¦³¦h¤Ö°ê®a¬F©²·P«_µÛ¯¥¤õ©M»OÆW¶i¦æ¶T©ö¡H¤£n§Ñ°O»OÆW¬O¯Ê¥F°ê»Ú¦a¦ìªº¡A©Ò¥H¯à°÷©M»O«O«ù¶T©öªº°ê®a°£¤F¬ü°ê¤]¨S¦³´XÓ¡A¦Ó¬ü°ê¥»¨Ó´N¬On°Ñ¾Ôªº¡C |
ILLwill ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/21 19:31 | |
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>ÁöµM¤¤°ê¤£§Æ±æ¥´¦¨«ù¤[¾Ô¡A¦ý¹ê»Ú¤W¥´¦¨«ù¤[¾Ô¬O¦³¥i¯àªº¡A¦pªG¯uªº³o¼Ë¡A¤¤°ê¤U¨M¤ß¥´µL¨î¤ô¸¥¾Ô¤]¤£¬O¤£¥i¯à¡AµM¤¤°ê¤]³\¤£·|¤@¶}©l´N³o¼Ë¡A¦ý¾Ôª§ªºµo®i«ÜÃø¹w®Æ¡C ·|¶i¤J«ù¤[¾Ôªí¥Ü¥LµLªk¦bµu´Á¤§¤º´x±±»O®ü§@¾ÔªºÀò³Ó¥i¯à,¦Ó®É¶¡©ìªº¶Vªø´N·N¨ýµÛ¥xÆW©è§Üªº±j¶´©Ò¦b,¦b¦¹ºØ±¡ªp¤U,¬Æ¦Ü¥i¥H»¡¬O¥xx¤w¸g´x´¤¾Ô§½(¤Ï¥¿¥xÆWªººn¾Ôª§¥Ø¼Ð¤]¤£¦b©ó¸Ñ°£¤¤°êªZ¸Ë)¨º»òµ¥©óµ¹¤©¬ü°ê¤¶¤Jªº®É¶¡,ÂǤf,¥H¤Î¹ê½èªº¥²»Ý©Ê ¥xÆW´N¬O¦Ü¤Ön³]ªk»P¹ï¤è¶i¤J«ù¤[¾Ô¤]¦n,³ÌÁV¤]´N¬OÀþ¶¡³Q¸Ñ°£ªZ¸Ë >¦pªG¤¤°ê¦b¾Ô®É¤§n¨D¦U°ê°±¤î¹ï¥x¶T©ö¡A¦U°ê·|¤£·|¬ÛÀ³¡H°£¤F¬ü°ê¤S¦³¦h¤Ö°ê®a¬F©²·P«_µÛ¯¥¤õ©M»OÆW¶i¦æ¶T©ö¡H¤£n§Ñ°O»OÆW¬O¯Ê¥F°ê»Ú¦a¦ìªº¡A©Ò¥H¯à°÷©M»O«O«ù¶T©öªº°ê®a°£¤F¬ü°ê¤]¨S¦³´XÓ¡A¦Ó¬ü°ê¥»¨Ó´N¬On°Ñ¾Ôªº¡C ¦pªG±¡¶Õ¶i¤J«ù¤[¾Ô,µ¥©ó¥xÆWªº°ê»ÚªÅ¶¡´£¤É,¦]¬°¥xÆW¥H¹ê¤OÃÒ©ú¤F¥L¨¬¥H©è¾×¤¤°êªº§ð¶Õ,§Y¨Ï¦bµ´¹ï°ê¤O¤U¥xÆW³B©ó¦H¶Õ,¦ý¬O¥@¤H¦b¦¹ºØ±¡ªp¤U¤Ï¦Ó¸û®e©ö¦P±¡¥xÆW ¤¤°ê³oºØ¦æ¬°«Ü¥i¯àÅý¦Û¤v¦¨¬°°ê»Ú¶¡ªº½b¹v,¥@¬É¦U°ê§Y¨Ï¦b¹ê»Ú¦æ¬°¤W¹ï¥xÆWªº°Ó¹B¦³©Ò¨î,¦ý¹ï©ó¥xÆW¦Ó¨¥,±Á{¾Ôª§ªº±¡ªp¤U¨ºÁÙ¬O¸û¬°¦¸nªº°ÝÃD,¦Ó¤¤°ê±Á{ªº¬Fªv·ÀI«h¬O¤Ó¤j¤F |
CosmoHorizon ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/21 20:02 | |
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¨ä¹êÁÙ¦³¤§«e«Ü¦h¤H¹ª§jªº®ü¤W«ÊÂê,°O±o¥H«era¤j»¡¹L¤¤°ê±Ä¨ú³oºØ¾Ô³Nªº¾÷·|¤£¤j,¦]¬°³o·|µ¹°ê»ÚªÀ·|¤z¯Aªº¾÷·|¤SµLªk¹ï¥xÆW³y¦¨¹ê½è¤Wªº¶Ë®` ¼ç¸¥¬O¤@Ó§¹¬üªº«ÊÂê¾Ô§L¾¹,ÁöµM²{¦b¤£¬O¤G¾Ô,¦ý¦b«ÊÂê¾Ô¤W¼ç¸¥¦³µÛ¤ô±Ä¥©Ò¨S¦³ªº°ÎÁa¯à¤O(³Q¤@Ó®Ú¥»¤£¦s¦bªºªF¦èÀ~ªº¥b¦º) °²³]:¤¤°ê«Å§G¦bXX¦~XX¤ëXX¤é°_«ÊÂê¥xÆW,n¨D©Ò¦³°Ó²î§ï¹D,Áp¦X°ê³Q¤¤°ê»¡ªA,¬ü°ê¦]°ê¤ºÀ£¤OµLªk¥X§L,¨º¥x®ü¤Ï«ÊÂê´Nn§¹¥þ¾aROCN¤F... |
ra ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/21 22:18 | |
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Supp ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/21 23:36 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
¡ô¡ô°²¦p¸Ñ©ñx¹ï»OÆWªº¥~¬v³f½ü¹ê¬I§ðÀ»¡A»OÆW¦p¦ó±¹ï¡H ¦pªG¦b¥x®qªþªñ¥i¥H¥X°Ê¤Ï¼ç¸¾÷¡A¦ý¬O¤£¤@©w±Ïªº¤Î¡A¦pªG¬O»·Â÷¥x®q¡AÃø¹Dn¬£Ä¥¶¤Å@¯è¶Ü¡H ¦Ñ¦@¹º©wªº®üªÅ¸T¨î°Ï®Ú¥»¤£¥Î¨ì¥~¬v¡A©ñ¦b¸T¨î°Ï¥~½tªº¦Ñ¦@¼çÄ¥¥i¥H¥R¥ôï§ÙÄ¥¡A¶i¤J®üªÅ¸T¨î°Ïªº²îÄ¥¥Ñ¦Ñ¦@ªÅ¤¤ªZ¤OÀ»¨I§Y¥i¡C¦pªG¦³¥~°ê´±ªZ¤OÅ@¯è²îÄ¥¡A§Ú·Q¤j·§¥u¦³¬ü°ê´±§a¡A¤£¹L¦Ñ¦@ÅK©w¬O·b¦nµØ²±¹y´ö¶ê©Î¬OÅK¤F¤ßµwn¸ò¬üx¶}·F¤~¥i¯à¹º©w®üªÅ¸T¨î°Ï¡C |
Supp ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/21 23:46 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
¡ô¥¿±`ªº°Ó·~©¹¨Ó©M¹B¿é¥»¨Ó´N·|ÁY´î¡A¹ê»Ú¤W¹B¿é¤Wª½±µ¼vÅT»OÆW¦w¥þéwªº¬Ox¤õ¡A¿U®Æ©M³¡¤À¥Á¥Íª«¸êªº¿é¤J¡A³o¨Ç°ª»ùȦý¬O¬Û¹ï¹B¿é¶q¸û¤Öªºª«¸ê´Nºâ¥X°Ê»·¬vÅ@¯è¶¤¤]¤£§xÃø¡A ±q¤G¦¸¤j¾Ôªº¨Ò¤l¦Ó¨¥¡A¿U®Æ»Pªo½ü¥Ã»·¬O³Ì°ª»ùȪº¥Ø¼Ð¡A¯S§O¬O¶W¤j¾·¼Æªo½ü»P¤j«¬¨øªo´ä¤f´X¥G¤£¥i¯à¦b¶}¾Ô«á¦s¬¡¡C¦pªG¥H´²¸Ë³f½ü¹B¿é¿U®Æªo±í¡A«h¨ø¸ü®É¤S½w¤£ÀÙ«æ¡C¦Ó¥xÆW¤£¯Ê¥F¤õ¬¶¼uÃÄ¡A«E»Ý¸É¥Rªº¸¼u»Pµo°Ê¾÷µ¥²Õ¥ó·íµM¬O¥HªÅ¹B¸Éµ¹¡AY¨Ï¥Î®ü¹B¶i¨Ó¡A«h¥i¯à¹B¨ì®É¤w¦^¤Ñ¥F³N¡C¦Ü©ó¥Á¥Íª«¸êªº®ü¹B®Ú¥»¤£¦b¦Ñ¦@¦Ò¶q¤§¦C¡A¾Ú¦¹¥iÃÒ¡A¦Ñ¦@¤@©w·|¶É¨ä¥þ¤OÀ»¨I©¹¨Ó¥x®ü¤§¶¡ªº¤j¤pªo½ü¡A¦Ó¨ä¥L°Ó²î¤£¹L¬O¦¸n¥Ø¼Ð¦Ó¤w¡C |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/23 09:43 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
¦P·N¼Ó¤W´X¦ìªº¬Ýªk¡C¤¤°ê¥Ø«e©|µLª±µL¼ç¸¥¬Fµ¦ªº¸ê¥»¡C |
dasha ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/25 09:17 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
²×©ó¤S¦³ªÅ¤F...... ¤p§Ì«Ü·PÁÂfer-de-lance¥S»P³··¥S,¤£¹L¤p§Ì·Q»¡ªº¬O,¤£n¥H¬°®ü´ú§½»P¹FÆ[¦³°µ¦h¤Ö¤ô¤åªºªF¦è,¥L¥u¬O»s¹Ï³æ¦ì.¤K¦~«e¤p§ÌÁÙ¦b¾Ç®Õ®É,¥LÌ´N«Ü·Q§l¦¬§@®ü¬vªº¤H,¤p§ÌªºÀ³¥Î¦a²yª«²z©Ò¤]«Ü·Q¤W¥hª±,¥i¬O¤@¹L¤K¦~......¯uªº¬O¤£n¥H¬°§Ú̶R¤F·sªF¦è´N¦³°µ¦h¤ÖªF¦è,·íµM¥L̤]¤£¬O¤r¦ì¯ÀÀ\,¦ý°ÝÃD´N¬O¨S¿ìªk¸Ñ¨M...... ¦bºë¹ê®×¥H«áªºÀô¹Ò¤U,°êxªº¬ã¨sÀ³¥Î³£¤ÓÃþ¦ü¤G¦¸¤j¾Ôªº¤é¥»«Ò°ê,µy·L°¾¤@ÂIªºªF¦è´Nºâ¦³°µ¤]¨S¦³¿ìªk¹ê¥Î,¬Æ¦Ü©ó³st³d¬ÛÃö®×¤lªº¤H³£¥²¶·³Q¢¬å±¼¥Hº¡¨¬ºë¹êºë¶iªº»Ý¨D.¦Ó¥B³o¨ÇªF¦è¤]¶R¤£¨ì...... - ¤@¨¥¥H±Í¤§,Âø°È¤Ó¦h,¬ã¨s¬O¨S¤H¤]¨S¿ú.¥xÆWx¤èªº¤j®ð®ü¬vÀ³¥Î¬ã¨s¼h¦¸,¤p§Ì¬Ý¨ìªº¯uªº¬OÁú¾Ô¼h¯Å...... |
fer-de-lance ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/25 09:56 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
We are not assuming, we know there is work done because we see bathythermal data being published. It may not be as much as you like but ... it is work. Before we get too pessimistic and slag off everyone in the ROCN ASW community - unfairly, it should be remembered that there is a great deal of work done on assimilating (and mastering) ASW equipment acquired in the past years. I was initially disappointed that FFISTS was not purchased with the Knoxes but an experienced hand told me - to really learn how to use the stuff, you need to have done it by hand - with the bug on the NC-2, grease pencils, speed strips and Casio calculator! Once you have master the Zen of sound, then you can leave the (Shaolin) monastary and move on to more sophisticated kit. Some of these guys are so dedicated, I am surprised they do not have a shrine to Ekelund and Speiss (rather than Matzu) on the ships! It takes inspired leadership to build this up (guess why the 168th gets the awards AND the sub contacts - with the oldest and most cantankerous ships!) These folks deserve to have equipment like C-STEMS and H-930 MCS - they earned it. (Now, if they could just get a full digital upgrade to the sonars ... digital tail ... COTS DSP for the bow sonar ... well, may be next Christmas :) |
dasha ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/25 11:34 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
fer-de-lance¥Sªº¸ê®Æ¨Ó·½»P¤è¦¡©M¤p§Ì¤£¦P.¤p§Ì¬O»P°ò¼ht³d°µ³o¨Ç¨Æ±¡ªºªº¤Hû©¹¨Ó,±z¬Ý¨ìªº¬O¤½§Gªºµ²ªG,¹ï©ó§Ú°ê³o¤è±¯à@ªº§P©w®t¶Z¥Ñ¦¹¦Ó¥Í.¦³«Ü¦hpµe©Ó¿ì¤H¬Æ¦Ü¬O¾Ç¬É³£ª¾¹D¬Oª¯§¾pµe,¦ý¬O¹ï¥~·íµM¬O¥t¤@ºØ»¡ªk...... ®ü´ú§½¦³¨S¦³°µ¨Æ?·íµM¦³,¦Ó¥B«Ü²Ö,³o¬O¿Ë²´¬Ý¨ìªº.°ÝÃD¬O¦³¦h¤Ö¥\¤Òªá¦bþÃä?¤ô¤å¸ê®Æ¤£¬O¥u¦³®ü©³¦a§Î¹Ï...... ¦Ü©ó¥ý«e¤Ï¼ç¾ÔªºÁn¯Ç»PMAD°ÝÃD,¤p§Ì©Ó»{n¦^¥h¦h°áÂI®Ñ¦A¨Ó°Q½×. |
®ÇÆ[ªÌ2 ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/25 15:06 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
¬ðµM·Q¨ì¤@ӦѮüxªº¤Ï¼ç¸Ë³Æ ¨ë糯¥ ¬d¤F¥b¤Ñ ¦n¹³¤]¨S¬d¥X¦³¤°»ò¾ÔÁZ ¥H«e¸òªB¤Í½Í¹L¥L©MBOFORSªº375MM¤Ï¼ç¤õ½bªº«Â¤O ´X¥G¤j®a³£¸û¬Ý¦n¨ë糯¥ ¥i¬O²{¦bÁÙ¦³®üx¦A¥ÎBOFORS¤Ï¼ç¤õ½b ¨ë糯¥«o¬Ý¤£¨ì¤F |
dasha ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/25 20:24 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
¨ë猬¯¥¬O¤G¦¸¤j¾Ô®É¥Nªº¦Ñ¸Ë³Æ¤F,«á¨Ó¤@°ï«D¾É¤Þ¤Ï¼ç¤õ½b³£ºâ¬O¥Lªº«á½ú,¦Ó¦]¬°^¬üµ¥ì¨Ï¥Î°ê¤£¥Î¤F,¦ýµL¾É¤Þ¤Ï¼ç¤õ½b¦b²L®ü¤Ï¼çÁ٫ܦn¥Î,·ç¨å¤HÁÙ¦³ª±,©Ò¥H³oÓ¨t²ÎÁÙ¦b. |
fer-de-lance ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/26 10:00 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
Hedgehog is actually a mortar, a spigot mortar where a metal rod (a spigot) fits inside the tail tube of the projectile. When fired, the spring loaded spigot strikes the propellent charge inside the tail tube of the projectile and sets it off. The gas generated by the propellent propels the projectile and the spigot inside the tail tube serves as a launch rail to direct the projectile in the desired direction. The spigot mortar was a British WWII invention to make a weapon that does not need a barrel to launch a mortar shell. Other examples include the PIAT and the Blacker Bombard. Many spigots can be grouped together and the individual spigots angled differently to produce a circular or elliptical pattern - exactly what is needed for an ahead throwing ASW weapon. The British came up with this concept of an ahead throwing ASW weapon to deal with limitations of WWII sonars - ie. the beam is fixed in elevation (see 299_69). If you have to run over the target before you can attack with depth charges (DC) you would lose contact when you reach a certain distance from the target. A clever sub skipper could wait until you lose contact before making a fast and radical maneuvre to avoid the DC attack. An ahead throwing weapon will allow you to attack while still in contact with the submarine target. It reduced the dead time - time from weapons launch to reaching the target - by a third compared to conventional DC. Hedgehog consisted of 24 spigots on a roll-stabilized platform designed to fire a elliptical (USN Mk 10; ~30 X 40m) or circular (USN Mk 11; ~65m diameter) pattern of projectiles (~10m between each projectile) out to about 270m ahead of the ship. The patterns were designed to cover an area of uncertainty based on the dimensions and underwater speed of its intended target (Type VII U-boat). In the dead time from launch to reaching a range of 270m and a depth of about 65m, a U-boat approx. 70m long and beam of ~6.5m (Type VII) moving at typical speeds would cover about 100m. The individual 34kg projectiles were light enough to loaded by hand but carried enough explosives 16kg or torpex to seriously damage a submarine. A post war study by the US Navy Operational Evaluation Group found that Hedgehog achieved a probability of success for a single 24 shot salvo of about 28% against the slower Type VII and Type IX U-boats. In comparison, the Royal Navy single SQUID achieved 26% and dual SQUID 33%. However, against the faster Type XXI that could evade at 15kt or ~500m, the success rate of the fixed Hedgehog would drop dramatically to single digits. The SQUID, with its faster sinking (~12m/s vs 8m/s for Hedgehog) time fuzed charges and 3m lethal radius was less affected. After the war, the USN made twin Hedgehog standard which doubled success rate against a Type XXI-like fast sub target. They also bought small quantities of SQUID and tried to develop their own Weapon Alfa with a fast sinking, magnetic proximity fuzed charge directed by a depth-finding sonar. A stabilized trainable Hedgehog (Mk 15) was also developed. This also significantly improved success rates against fast submarines since the launcher can now train to follow the target rather than having to steer the ship to aim the weapon. Trials conducted in the late 1950s with the USS Sarsfield (yes, Te Yang DDG-925) showed that the ability of the nuclear submarine to sustain high underwater speeds greatly reduced the success rate of trainable Hedgehog. Against the even faster and more maneuvrable Albacore, the success rate became negligible. The prospect of an Albacore hull nuclear sub forced the USN to focus on developing the ASROC. The Bofors 375mm ASW rocket operate on the same concept as SQUID but uses an acoustic proximity fuze. Against a convention sub in shallow waters, it is still an effective weapon. The Japanese Maritime Self-defense Force continue to operate this weapon on its corvettes. The Bofors 375 is ideal as a quick response weapon to put a BANG in the water quickly. (Useful if you want to classify a target sitting on the bottom - if it runs after the bang, it is not a wreck but a real sub!) The latest versions of ASW torpedoes including the Mk 46 mod5A(S) will be able to attack subs in shallow water (surfaced or sitting on the bottom). There is less of a need for the ahead throwing DC but having one is very nice to have and a cheap alternative to the torpedo against a POSSUB (Possible Sub) contact you are not too sure about. |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/27 13:18 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
fer-de-lance san: >That is why the contact is lost before the destroyer reaches the sub But this sounds different from what has been called a knuckle, or is it the same? |
fer-de-lance ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/27 23:08 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
No, it is a simple case of early WWII sonars having a beam that is fixed in elevation. When you get too close and the target passes under the coverage of the beam, you would lose contact. A sonar beam that scans in elevation helps to avoid this problem plus give you target elevation - ie. depth-finding to set your weapon fuze. The knuckle is a disturbance in the water left in the wake of the sub after a radical maneuvre. This reflects active sonar signals and can often be mistaken for the sub itself - ie you have ASW units depth charging this false contact while the real sub sneaks off in the confusion. |
Saga ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/28 01:13 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
fer-de-lance wrote: > Useful if you want to classify a target sitting on the bottom - if it runs after the bang, it is not a wreck but a real sub! Talking about the wreckages, I have a question: Why are we sinking the decommissioned naval ships in seas around Taiwan? Wouldnt that create hot beds for the submarines to hide? |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/28 01:32 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
>The knuckle is a disturbance in the water left in the wake of the sub after a radical maneuvre. Yeah, thats the knuckle that I understand. It seems that it can be created by the DD itself when it makes a sharp change of course during a high speed chase. |
fer-de-lance ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/28 02:53 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
Re: Man-made reefs around Taiwan ... man does not live for war alone. Ecological benefits and possible prevention of beach erosion make these projects worthwhile. Sonar resolution has also been greatly enhanced since ... eh ... WWII. You know where the man-made reefs are ... a cheap side-scan sonar towed off of a trawler (or a Gemini if you are desperate) would tell you very quickly if the reef grew significantly in size ... or in shape approximating ... say, a Song class SSK ... :) |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/28 05:39 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
¡ôFor a solid example of what fer-de-lance san said about the cheap side-scan sonar image of ships, please visit the following site: http://www.l-3klein.com/image_gallery/3000_images/portland/3kportland_two.html |
®ÇÆ[ªÌ2 ¡@©ó¡@2004/09/28 07:58 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
½Ð°Ý¤@¤U ¥xÆW¦³¼t°Ó¦b°µÁn¯Ç¶Ü(°l³½¸sªº¨ººØµ¥¯Å) |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/10/02 13:17 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
¡ô¤U±ºô¶¦³¤¶²Ð¡M¦ý¤£¬O¥xÆWªº²£«~¡M¬O¬ü°ê³yªº¡R http://www.water-world.com.tw/access/dive-scan.htm
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Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/10/25 01:48 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
¦³½g²L¤ôÁn¾Ç¡M¦ü¹ï¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô¦³ÂI·N«ä¡C ²L¤ôÁn¾Ç William A. Kuperman ¤Î James F. Lynch ¦b¤W¨â¦¸¥@¬É¤j¾Ô´Á¶¡¡M®ü¬v¾Ç®aÌP¤O©ó²`¤ô¤Î²L¤ôÁn¾Çªº¬ã¨s¡C¦ý¬O§N¾Ô´Á¶¡¡M ¦b«Ü¤jªºµ{«×¤W¡M²L¤ôÁn¾Çªº°ÝÃD©M«D¯}Ãa©Ê´ú¸Õ¡NÂå¾Ç¶WÁnªi¡N¦hÀW³q«H¡N¦a¾_ ²L¤ô°Ï³q±`¬OÓ¹ËÂøªºÀô¹Ò¡M¦]¬°¯è¹D±`¬OªuµÛ®ü©¤¶i¦æªº¡C¼çÄ¥³q±`¿ç®g¥X©M¤@ ¤ô¤¤ªºÁn³t¤j¬ù¬O1500m/s ¡M¬O¬G¦³Ãöªiªø¤Ø«×¦b´X¦Ì¥ª¥k¡C¦b²L¤ô°Ï¥Ñ©ó¦³¤ô± |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/10/25 23:40 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
®ü¬vªi¾É ¥Ñ©ó®ü¬vªi°Ê¤Î¤ô½è¶q¤§¹B°Ê©MÁn·½¤Î±µ¦¬¾¹¤§³t«×¤ñ°_®ü¤¤Án³t¨Ón¤p±o¦h¡M¦] c ~ 1449 + 4.6T + (1.34 - 0.01T)(S - 35) + 0.016z ¨ä¤¤z¬O²`«×(³æ¦ì¦Ì)¡M¦ÓS¬OÆQ«×(³æ¦ì¤d¤À¤§¤@)¡M³Ì«á¤@¶µ¥]¬A¤F±K«×¤ÎÀRÀ£ªº ¹Ï¤@(http://pinus.photosite.com/Album1/p55fig1.html)«ü¥X¤TºØ¹ï·Qn¼ÒÀÀ²L ¹Ï¤G(http://pinus.photosite.com/Album1/p55fig2.html)Åã¥Ü¤@Ó¡yÂIªi·½¡z©Ò |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/10/27 04:37 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
¤@Ó°}¦Cªº°»´ú¾¹ªº¤@¯ë¸ÑªR¯à¤OºÝ¿à¨ì³o°}¦C¤WªºÁn¾Ç³õªº³Ì°ªªÅ¶¡ÀW²v¤À¶q¨Ó¨M ©w¡C¦Ó³oӪŶ¡Ãö«Y¤S¬O©Mªi¾É¤Î«H¸¹°I´î¦³ÃöªºÁ{¬É¨¤¦³ÃöÁp¡C¹B¥Î®É¶¡ËÂà³B ²z¨ì¹F°»´ú¾¹ªº«H¸¹¦^·¹¹ËÂøªºªi¾É¡Mµ¥©ó¬O§â³Ì«á±µ¦¬¨ìªº«H¸¹³Ì¥ýµo®g¡M¦Ó³Ì ¥ý¦¬¨ìªº³Ì«áµo®g¦^¥h¡M¦p¦¹«K¥i¥H««Ø¨Ã»EµJì¨ÓªºÁn·½¦ì¸m¡M¦]¦Ó®i²{°ª¸ÑªR «×¡]°Ñ¨£Mathias Fink¡M 1997 ¤T¤ë¸¹ªºPhysics Today¡M 34¶)¡C¤U±n°Q½×ªº«´ ¦X³õ³B²z(Matched-field Processing)¤]¯à¹F¨ì¦P¼Ëªº¸ÑªR«×¡C µo»P¦¬ ¦p¹Ï¤T©Ò¥Ü(http://pinus.photosite.com/Album1/p55fig3.html)Án¯Ç¥i¥H¤ÀÃþ¬° ¤U¥b¹Ï«hÅã¥Ü¤@Ó¥D°ÊÁn¯Çªº¨Ò¤l¡M¥¦µo®gÁnªi¦Ó±q¦^ªi¤¤´£¨ú±¡³ø¡C³æÀR¦¡(monostatic¡M |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/10/27 23:35 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
¦b¥Ø«e¡M¥±ªi¦¨§ôªk(plane-wave beamforming)¤´µM¬O³o¨âºØÁn¯Çªº¥Dn¾Þ§@¾÷¨î¡C ¦p¦P¹qºÏªiªº±¡ªp¤@¼Ë¡M¤@Ó¦ì¬Û°}¦Cªº¤Ñ½u§â¤@Ó«H¸¹¦b¬YÓ¡§µø½u¡¨¤è¦V¤Þ¾É ¦¨¬Ûªø©Ê¤z¯A¡C¬°¤Fn±q«H¸¹¤¤ºÉ¥i¯à´£¨ú§ó¦h±¡³ø¡M¬ã¨s¤Hû³Ð³y¤F¦X¦¨¤Õ®|¡C ¨ä³]·Q¬O±q¤@¿´¦b¤@©w®É¶¡¤º¨«¤F¤@¬q¶ZÂ÷ªº²î¤Wµo®g¥X¤@¨t¦C¯ß°Ê¡MµM«á±qµo¥X »P±µ¦¬¨ìªº«H¸¹¨Ó«Ø¥ß¤@Ó¤j«¬¦Ó°ª¸ÑªR«×ªº¤Õ®|¡C¦b¥D°ÊÁn¯Ç¨t²Î¤¤¡M³oÓ¿ìªk ¨Ï±o®ü¬v¾Ç®a̯à°÷ºë½T¦a´úø®ü©³¦a¹Ï¡C ³Q°Ê¦X¦¨¤Õ®|Án¯Ç¤ñ¸ûÀY¤j¤@¨Ç¡RÁn·½ÀW²v©¹©¹¬O¥¼ª¾¼Æ¡M¦ÓªÅ¶¡-ÀW²vªº¼Ò½k©Ê¼v |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/10/28 10:26 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
¬¡°Êªº®ü¬v ®ü¬v¤¤ªº°Ê¤O²{¶H±a¨Ó¤F¤ñ¶È¶È¬OÁn¾Ç³õ¦æ¶i¹L¤@Ó½ÆÂø¦ý«o¬OÀRºAªº¤¶½è§ó¤jªº ¨º¨Ç´X¥GµL©Ò¤£¦bªº½u©Ê¤º¦bªi´£¨Ñ¤F¤@Ó³sÄò©Êªº«·s¤À§G®ü¤¤Ánªi¯à¶qªº´²®g ·í¤@ÓÁnªi«H¸¹¾D¹J¤@Ó«D½u©Êªi¬O·|µo¥Í¤@¨Ç¦³½ì²{¶H¡C¨Ò¦p¡M·íÁnªi«H¸¹ªº¸ô ¦ý¬O·í¤º¦bªiªº¦æ¶i¤è¦V»PÁnªi¸ô®|¶¡ªº§¨¨¤¼W¤j®É¡MªiºA½¢¦X´N´î®z¤F¡C¥un¤ñ ²L¤ô°Ï®ü©¤¬É±©MÁnµ¤]µo¥Í¦PÃþ§@¥Î¡C¤@¹Dª½±µ¶Ç¹L¤@Ó®ü¬v·Å«×¬É±ªºÁnªi·| |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/10/28 22:35 | |
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«H¸¹³B²z ¦b³o¬q§ÚÌn°Q½×¦p¦ó±qÂø°T¤¤´£¨ú«H¸¹ªº¤@¨Ç±ßªñªº¬ã¨s¡M³o¨Ç¤èªk¤£¦ý¯à°÷¾A «´¦X³õ³B²z(matched-field processing¡MMFP) ¬Oªñ¨Ó¹ï©ó³q±`¥Îªº¥±ªi¦¨§ôªk ¥t¥~¤@ºØ¥i¥H¦P¼Ë¶i¦æ³oºØ°ò©ó¼Ò¦¡ªº³B²zªk«K¬O§Q¥Î¦ì¬Û¦@³m(phase conjugation, |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/10/29 07:31 | |
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¥t¥~½Ð¨£³oÓ¹Ï: http://me.hku.hk/~dqlu/galleries/ship_waves/ship_waves_deep_water.jpg ³oÓ§À¬yªºV¦r§Îªº§¨¨¤¦ü¥G¬O¤ñ19.5«×¨Ó±o¤j¡A¤£ª¾¹D·|¤£·|¬O·Ó¬Û¨¤«×ªºÃö«Y? ¥tn½Ð±Ð¤@Ó°ÝÃD: ³½¹pªº§À¬y¬O§_¤]¥i¥H©ó©ó°lÂÜ¤Ï¼ç¬Æ¦Ü§ðÀ»¤§¥Î?? ¥ý°²³]¤ô²`µL²`¦n¤F |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/12/14 13:19 | |
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>©Ò¥H»¡¡A¥un³½¹p´å±o°÷»·¡A¦b±±¨îªº¼h±¨Ó»¡°ò¥»¤Wn°lÂܧÀ¬yÀ³¸Ó¬O¤£¤ÓÃøªº §a¡C ¥i¥H¦p¦¹»¡¡M¥un¤£³Q¤Ï¨îªZ¾¹·M§Ëªº¸Ü¡C >¥u¬O¤£¾å±on«ç¼Ë¥h°»´ú³Íº¸¤å²îªiªºÃä¬É?? ´M¼ÐÀY¬O¥ÎÀ£¤OÁÙ¬O¤°»ò¨Ó·P´ú?? >http://me.hku.hk/~dqlu/galleries/ship_waves/ship_waves_deep_water.jpg >¥tn½Ð±Ð¤@Ó°ÝÃD: ³½¹pªº§À¬y¬O§_¤]¥i¥H©ó©ó°lÂÜ¤Ï¼ç¬Æ¦Ü§ðÀ»¤§¥Î?? ¥ý°²³] |
ra ¡@©ó¡@2004/12/14 14:01 | |
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>>>°O±o¤G¾Ô¤¤¤éx´¿µo®i¤@ºØ¹q°Ê³½¹p ¤E¤Tªø¥Ù¦¡®ñ®ð¡]¹L®ñ¤Æª«¡^³½¹p§a¡A³ßÅw¹q°Ê¹pªº¬O±Mªù®ü«ó§O¤H¹B¿é²îªº¼w°ê¤H¡A¤é¥»¤H°l¨D¤T§ó¥b©]¦b³Ì»·¶ZÂ÷¥Î³Ì¤j¼Æ¶q»ô®g°ª³t³½¹pÅF±¼¼Ä¤è¥D¤OÄ¥³o¤@Ãþ¦p¦P¥v¸Ö©ÎªÌñ¼Ö³z¤@¼Ëªº¾Ô°«¡A¹ï©óºCºC±y±y¡B¯èµ{¤]¥¥µL©_ªº¹q°Ê³½¹p¿³½ì¤£¤j¡A¹ç¥i«_µÛ°Ê¤£°Ê³Q¬µ±o¸°_¨Óªº¦MÀI¤]n¥Î¹L®ñ¤Æª«¦Ó¤£¬O¹q¦À¡A¦Ó¥B¨ºªF¦è¤£¬O»]¨T°Ê¤O¤£²£¥Í¤Ó¦h®ðªw¦Ó¤w |
ra ¡@©ó¡@2004/12/14 14:06 | |
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¤â§Ö¤Ö¤F¤@¥y¡K¡K¡K¡K¡K¡K¡K¡K ¡K¡K¡K¡K¡K¡K¡A¦Ó¥B¨ºªF¦è¥u¬O¦]爲¤£±Ä¥Î»]¨T°Ê¤O©Ò¥H¤£²£¥Í¤Ó¦h®ðªw¡A§À¸ñ¤£©úÅã¦ý¬O§À¬y®£©ÈÁÙ¬Oº¡©úÅ㪺¡C |
genome ¡@©ó¡@2004/12/14 23:20 | |
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·PÁÂPinus¤jªº¦^µª §Úªº³Ì«á¤@Ó°ÝÃD¨S°Ý²M·¡¡A°ÝÃDÀ³¸Ó¬O: °²³]¤ô²`µL¡A¼çÄ¥ªº§À¬y¡A¬O§_¤]¥i¥H¥Î©ó°lÂÜ¤Ï¼ç¬Æ¦Ü§ðÀ»¤§¥Î¡H¡@ ¤ñ¦p»¡¡@¥Î§À¬y³½¹p¨Ó¥´¼çÄ¥ ¡C |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/12/15 01:11 | |
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>¤E¤Tªø¥Ù¦¡®ñ®ð¡]¹L®ñ¤Æª«¡^³½¹p§a¡A³ßÅw¹q°Ê¹pªº¬O±Mªù®ü«ó§O¤H¹B¿é²îªº¼w°ê ¤H¡A >¤é¥»¤H°l¨D¤T§ó¥b©]¦b³Ì»·¶ZÂ÷¥Î³Ì¤j¼Æ¶q»ô®g°ª³t³½¹pÅF±¼¼Ä¤è¥D¤OÄ¥³o¤@Ãþ¦p ¦P¥v >¸Ö©ÎªÌñ¼Ö³z¤@¼Ëªº¾Ô°«¡A¹ï©óºCºC±y±y¡B¯èµ{¤]¥¥µL©_ªº¹q°Ê³½¹p¿³½ì¤£¤j¡A ¹ç¥i >«_µÛ°Ê¤£°Ê³Q¬µ±o¸°_¨Óªº¦MÀI¤]n¥Î¹L®ñ¤Æª«¦Ó¤£¬O¹q¦À¡A¦Ó¥B¨ºªF¦è¥u¬O¦]¬° ¤£±Ä >¥Î»]¨T°Ê¤O©Ò¥H¤£²£¥Í¤Ó¦h®ðªw¡A§À¸ñ¤£©úÅã¦ý¬O§À¬y®£©ÈÁÙ¬Oº¡©úÅ㪺¡C
¨S¿ù¡M¤é¥»¤Hªºªø¥Ù³½¹p½T¦p±z©Ò»¡¡M§À¸ñ¤£©úÅã¡M°£¤F¤£«_ªw¤§¥~¡M¥¦¤]¦]¦b¤ô ¹q°Ê³½¹p§Ú¬OŪ¤@¦ì¤G¾Ô®É¬üx²îªøªº¦^¾Ð¿ý¡M°O±o¥L»¡¬O¤é¥»ªº¹q°Ê³½¹p¡M¤@®É
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ÅRÆE»Å¼Ö¿ß ¡@©ó¡@2004/12/15 01:25 | |
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>>¦ý,¤£ºÞ¯¿¶Ãªºµ{«×¦p¦ó¡M§À¬y±`¦³©T©w§ÎºA¡C°²©w¤ô²`¬OµL¡M«hV¦r§Îªº§¨¨¤¬O19.5«×¡M >>¬O©Ò¿×ªº³Íº¸¤å²îªi¡C§À¬y³½¹p¤§nÂI¦b°lÂܳoV¦r§ÎªººÝÂI¡C >>¹Ï¨Ò°Ñ¨£¡Rhttp://me.hku.hk/~dqlu/galleries/ship_waves/Wehausen_Laitone_1960_p582. jpg =============== ªi³t»P¤¶½è¦³Ãö§a,V¦r§Îªº§¨¨¤¬O§_©T©w19.5«×? ³Íº¸¤å²îªi¤§§Î¦¨ì²z,¬O§_µ¥¦P©ó¶Wµ³t¶êÀ@¾_ªi? ¤p§Ì§Úª«²z¾Çªº¤£«ç¦n |
ÅRÆE»Å¼Ö¿ß ¡@©ó¡@2004/12/15 01:30 | |
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Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/12/15 03:38 | |
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¡ô>ªi³t»P¤¶½è¦³Ãö§a,---·íµM¡C >V¦r§Îªº§¨¨¤¬O§_©T©w19.5«×?---¤£¤@©w¡M³o¬O¦b¤@ÓÂI¸Ë¹B°ÊÅé¤Î¤ô²`µL«e´£ ¤Uªº¸Ñ¡C²L¤ôªº±¡ªp¤ñ³o½ÆÂø¡M»P²î³t¡N¤ô²`³£¦³Ãö¡C >³Íº¸¤å²îªi¤§§Î¦¨ì²z,¬O§_µ¥¦P©ó¶Wµ³t¶êÀ@¾_ªi?--¤£¤@¼Ë¡M¦ý¦³Ãþ¦ü¤§³B¡C >½Ð°Ý´õ«×¬O? §Y Vorticity¡C ¥H¦V¶q²Å¸¹¨Ó»¡¡M§Y¬O Grad X (V)¡MGrad¬O±è«×ºâ¤l¡M³q±`¼g¦¨ |
fer-de-lance ¡@©ó¡@2004/12/15 05:09 | |
Re:¥x®ü¤Ï¼ç§@¾Ô | |
WWII electric torpedoes: German G7e, electric motor propelled - no bubble trail - harder to spot. Examples captured on German U-boats (eg. U-570 which surrendered to RAF Coastal Command Lockheed Hudsons) served as the model for the Westinghouse Mk 18. The HUSL Mk 24 homing torpedo was, of course, also propelled by an electric motor. The first wake-homer was probably the Westinghouse Freedom Torpedo, export torpedo rebuilt from the Mk 45 nuclear warhead torpedo (ie one with a Pk of 2.0 - 1.0 for the target and 1.0 for self ...) Electric propulsion, upward looking sonar to detect the wake of the target ship - crosses backwards and forwards over the wake - laddering up until it hits the ship. Sold to Turkey and probably compromised by Soviet agents there - leading to various Soviet designs that used the same homing system ... |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/12/16 07:40 | |
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¬Ý¨Ó¥x®ü³o³õ´ý¤ô¡M¬ü°ê®üx¬O¨Ó²I©w¤F¡C 2004¦~10¤ë¸¹ªº®ü¬vx¤O(Sea Power)Âø»x³ø¾É¡M¬ü°ê®üx¦b¤Q¦~ªº©¿µø¤§«á¡M¥h¦~ ¯S»º¹Î¹Îªø¬O®üx¤Ö±NªÖ¥§(Kenny)«ü¥X¡M§N¾Ô«á¡M¥Ñ©ó¤j¶qªº¥ý¶i®ã¼çÄ¥ªºÂX´²¡M |
Pinus ¡@©ó¡@2004/12/17 14:40 | |
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>¿ì¤½«Ç¥D¥ô¹³¬OÓ¤é¸Çx©xDavid Yishihara(¦Nì¡S)¡C ¥¿»~¡R¬ODavid Yoshihara¡C ¤S¡Rµ¹¼Ó¤Wªºgenome¥S¡R¦³¤@ÂI§Ú¥i¯à¨S¦³Á¿²M·¡¡R§Ú»¡ªº19.5«×¬O«ü²î¦æ¤¤½u»P |
Åwªï«e©¹¯ùÄÒ2005¦~·s½×¾ÂTaiwanBBS.ORG°Ñ»P°Q½×¡C ¥H¤Uªí®æ¶È¨ÑºÞ²z¤Hû¾ã²z¸ê®Æ¿é¤J¤§¥Î