網路中樞作戰

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flak  於 2004/09/19 13:53
網路中樞作戰

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NO:329_1
flak  於 2004/09/19 14:04
Re:網路中樞作戰

WIN-T:美國陸軍未來的語音-數據戰術網路系統。使用IPv6架構,主要硬體為JTRS系列無線電(LAN),但也將包含骨幹網路(WAN)的建置。
BAe的架構圖
美軍的投影片,有MSE與WIN-T的比較
兩天前,這個計畫已由GD與闇黑LM得標,總價達70億美金

NO:329_2
flak  於 2004/09/19 14:18
Re:網路中樞作戰

JTRS:美軍未來主要的Wireless LAN系統,將一舉取代現有的語音無線電或戰術資料鍵(理論上),甚至是火力平台到彈藥之間的資料鍵。JTRS的Idea是利用軟體驅動的無線電發射器,加上可任意指向的主動陣列天線成為跨頻域、支援任何通信協定(甚至包括3G)的通用無線網路系統(就像無線網路卡一樣,只是通信距離從數百公尺到數百公里都有)。但事實上,各個平台環境的差異甚大,仍將應用平台分成多組Cluster,以對實際的用戶達到最佳化的效能。
JTRS的主標商是波音,帶領一些傳統無線電廠商標下來
美軍簡介的投影片

NO:329_3
Supp  於 2004/09/20 00:59
Re:網路中樞作戰

↑The Army has projected that the entire WIN-T program will be valued at approximately $7 billion through 2018.

$7 billion across for 14 years is a piece of cake in world-wide telecom market, not mentioned that the scope of WIN-T program is too ambitious. Maybe US DOD has power to facilitate a few communication systems concurrently. But it is COTS era for several years except for a few niche RF markets such as SATCOM, Long Range Missile-up/down Link, and sophisticated jammers and receivers. Even before a network management software of a specified product, such as ADSL, MOD, Cable Modem, is integrated, the high tide/climax of these products lives just passed.

The only one way to success for US DOD is at our hands. Once Taiwan vendors, such as FoxComm, ASUS, DBTEL, and etc, participate the manufactures of JTRS terminals, the cost can be dropped down like hungry sea skuas. Of course, the core routing/switch eqipments can be left for US vendors, such as Extreme, Foundry, Intel, and Cisco.


NO:329_4
flak  於 2004/09/20 12:10
Re:網路中樞作戰

在GW2中,一直被媒體注意的焦點是號稱第一支數位師的4ID。而所謂的數位師其實指得是該師配備了第一套FBCB2作戰管制系統。

所謂的FBCB2,其實就跟台灣大車隊的派車系統一樣,只是通信系統用加密無線電而不是GSM,另外每輛「計程車」除了語音與文字以外,還有一個液晶螢幕可以接收圖像訊息。骨子裡,都是每一台車子安裝一套GPS,不斷發送GPS座標讓總部彙整訊息,另外總部也可以傳遞叫客資訊給司機的無線電派車系統。

這篇文章講到一些SBCT導入時的問題:
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0IAV/is_2_90/ai_76736959


NO:329_5
Supp  於 2004/09/20 13:08
Re:網路中樞作戰

瑞典的NCW

眾所周知的通信大廠易利信是瑞典廠商,對瑞典人而言,原本係以NBD Network Based Defense為名。目前瑞典政府很可能採用SaabTech System公司的NetDefence C4I系統作為全域通信之系統,而類似美國JTRS的玩意兒,稱為ATLE的戰術網際網路已經在2002年六月展現出感測器融合的性能。請見此一文件,即可得知瑞典人的功力如何:
http://www.s3.kth.se/signal/edu/seminar/01/multisensor.pdf


NO:329_6
Supp  於 2004/09/20 13:31
Re:網路中樞作戰

法國的空陸戰網路

法國的網通系統相當具有層次,最高層級的作戰指揮系統稱為System de Information pour le Commandement des Forces,小弟根本不懂法文,暫時譯為「部隊指揮資訊系統」。它與老美高階系統的差別在於此系統可與盟國相互連線,於最近正在進行空防系統的整合。
除上述的高階系統外,法國廠商Thales以及GIAT工業集團正與法國軍備採購局DGA合作進行一個稱為Bulle Operationelle Aeroterrestre 2 (BOA 2),暫時譯為「空陸戰架構」的系統。另外一個類似美國JTRS戰術無線電計畫的是由Thales與SAGEM進行的Fantassin a Equipments et Liasons Integrees (FELIN),暫時譯為「未來連絡整合裝備」的系統。此系統即為法國陸軍PR4G戰術無線電網路的加強版,簡單地說,法國陸軍又要花錢買無線電裝備。BOA 2的定義尚未清楚,基本上可當成是包山包海的夢幻系統,除要整合FELIN子系統外,還需要整合雷克勒戰車戰鬥管理系統(Leclerc Battle Management System) LBMS,虎式直升機,與未來戰鬥車輛EC3等等。


NO:329_7
flak  於 2004/09/20 13:41
Re:網路中樞作戰

↑這文件討論的問題看起來像美國海軍的CEC中的Single Integrated Picture,或是前一陣子GPS導引武器打戰車的Affordable Moving Surface Target Engagement。

NO:329_8
Supp  於 2004/09/20 13:47
Re:網路中樞作戰

以商為本的荷蘭

荷蘭小國寡民,最近碰到唯一需要出兵海外的是參予北約立即反應特遣部隊的活動,不過荷蘭人老早在1996年就採用微軟的Windows NT系統以及Cisco, Compaq, Toshiba等商用系統建構了一個全商用的整合參謀資訊系統ISIS (Integrated Staff Information System)以提供旅級司令部資情系統,並且能與高階的SHAPE (Supre HQ Allied Powers Europe)完全整合。


NO:329_9
Supp  於 2004/09/20 13:56
Re:網路中樞作戰

From Sensor Fusion to Network Centric Warfare

網路戰有許多層次,讓網路能通是一個層次,讓每個人能用網路是另一個層次,接著讓感測器能夠上網又是另外一個層次,而擁有網路服務來增進SA的下一步,幾乎就是自動開火了。


NO:329_10
flak  於 2004/09/22 21:59
Re:網路中樞作戰

Boeings Directional Network Waveform
指向天線的車間通信網路

NO:329_11
Supp  於 2004/09/23 00:33
Re:網路中樞作戰

他表示,愛國者三型飛彈所裝載這三項商規科技包括 Advanced Master Frequency Generator (AMFG) 「多頻無線發射器」, Multi-Band Radio Frequency Data Link (MRFDL)「多頻無線鏈結」,Simplified Inertial Measurement Unit (SIMU)「慣性量測儀」

Even the niche missile RF up/down link elements on PAC-3 comes from COTS products. Sign.


NO:329_12
VOR  於 2004/10/21 14:51
Re:網路中樞作戰

http://www.fcw.com/fcw/articles/2004/1011/web-link-10-15-04.asp
Air Force expands Link 16
BY Frank Tiboni
Published on Oct. 15, 2004
美國空軍擴充 Link 16 裝備量

RELATED LINKS
DARPA developing killer tech [FCW.com, May 27, 2002]
Air Force officials will equip more aircraft with the old, slow but reliable Link 16 during the next five years because they cannot find a better and more secure high-capacity communications system, according to a top warfighting information technology official.
Link 16 裝備量將從 2004 年的 700 架飛機增加到 2009 年的1,380 架
They will expand the use of Link 16 from 700 aircraft in 2004 to 1,380 aircraft by 2009. Technology doesnt allow us to do anything else, said Maj. Gen. Charles Croom Jr., director of command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance infrastructure and deputy chief of staff for warfighting integration. Croom spoke Sept. 14 at the 2004 Vision Conference sponsored by the Government Electronics and Information Technology Association, an industry trade group in Arlington, Va.

Croom said the Air Forces 4,400 aircraft primarily rely on voice as their means of communications. He said the services fleet will not achieve fully capable network and data centricity until 2009.

Link 16 transmits voice, data and navigational information at a rate of 126 kilobits/sec to Army, Navy and Air Force vehicles and units equipped with the common communications link. By accessing command and control networks, the system gives warfighters a picture of the battlefield, including the positions of enemy forces, targets and threats.

Link 16 operates on two types of terminals developed by Data Link Solutions LLC. BAE Systems and Rockwell Collins Inc. formed the joint venture company in 1996.


NO:329_13
VOR  於 2004/11/10 05:17
Re:網路中樞作戰

http://www.fcw.com/fcw/articles/2004/1108/tec-northrop-11-08-04.asp
Northrop snags Air Force deal
Commercial technology will power battle management system
BY Frank Tiboni
Published on Nov. 8, 2004

此篇報導說 Northrop 贏得美國空軍的戰場管理指控系統 Battle Management Command and Control (BMC2) 的合約,他們將用商業科技的資訊處理速度優勢使戰機可以迅速攻擊較小的機動目標。

Northrop 誇口說他們會 deliver to the Air Force a transformational system
that will play a pivotal role in the multidimensional battlefield.

BMC2 將會自動處理 可穿過雲層及樹木的感應器、雷達所偵策目標的相關資訊。
未來會放到 E-10A 上。

空軍官員說這是美軍網路中樞及聯合作戰準則被後的動力﹕
With onboard BMC2, the E-10A has the people, processes and technology to
receive and process information, evaluate it and then act on it in real
time to execute the air battle for the joint commander, said Lt. Gen. William
Hobbins, the Air Forces deputy chief of staff for warfighting integration.

該系統將會聯結與網絡共通的海陸空感應器。Hobbins 說 The onboard [BMC2] suite
will play a key role in rapidly correlating onboard sensor data with off-board
information so onboard decision-makers can act immediately against critical
threats,

BMC2 and the E-10A 將於 2008 首飛,可能 2013 開始執行任務。
今年空軍說會製造三型 E-10 ,E-10A 用於地面偵察及巡弋飛彈防禦、
E-10B 用於空中偵察、E-10C 為訊號情報 (signals intelligence)。
Air Force Secretary James Roche 說 There you have it: An E-10 series,
each of which would share a common integration and BMC2 suites: the MC2A,
MC2A represents a major part of the Air Forces larger Command and Control
Constellation. The initiative consists of land, air and space sensors that
use common computer protocols and communications standards to share information.


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